Wilmington & Weldon / Florida Southern / Atlantic Coast Line 4-4-0 "American" Type Locomotives

Class 25 (Locobase 2148)

Data from 1899 Brooks catalogue.

Builder info from B.Rumary, 25 Kingscombe, Gurney Slade, Radstock, BA3 4TH, ENGLAND and Jeremy Lambert as supplied by Allen Stanley in March 2004. Works #2427-2429, produced in May 1894.

Narrow firebox measured 7 ft long by 35" wide.

Class A1 - 400 (Locobase 7664)

Data from ACL 1930 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Production date is estimated.

Apparently preserved in the 1930 book as an homage to the railroad's early days, the diagram does not show builder or year. But all signs point to the 1870s at the latest. The cabbage stack forward, low-pressure boiler, small heating surface area and grate all suggest sometime in that decade. See Locobase 7665 for another example from the same period.

Class A1 - 401 (Locobase 7665)

Data from ACL 1930 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Production date is estimated.

This pair of locomotives may have been older than the 400 shown in Locobase 7364. As with that engine, their appearance in a 1930 diagram book must have stood as a memorial to the 1870s.

Class D (Locobase 7350)

Data from ACL 1913 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

These cabbage-stackers were part of the Atlantic Coast Line's dowry when it was formed in 1900.

The gracefully drawn elevation shows a typical Eight-wheeler of the time with its ornate steam dome perched over the firebox's crown sheet. The firebox itself nestled deeply between the driving axles. A smaller steam dome sat on the first boiler course just ahead of the front driving axle.

Rogers built four of the locomotives for the Wilmington & Weldon. Meanwhile, another constituent -- eventually named the Atlantic Coast Line of South Carolina -- had purchased 7 identical engines.

The W & W was one of the principal predecessors, first as the Wilmington and Raleigh that began service in 1840, having completed the Wilmington-to-Weldon route that was at the time the world's longest railroad. (according to the North Carolina Business History website http://www.historync.org/railroad-WWRR.htm entry, accessed 31 Dec 2005).

In 1854, the railroad acquired its Wilmington & Weldon identity. By 1859, the W & W operated schedules day and night between Wilmington & Weldon. ( See the schedule at http://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/wwrr1859/wwrr1859.html (accessed 31 Dec 2005).) The express trips took 8 hours and had numerous flag stops. Over time the W & W combined and consumed several other railroads.

Class F-1 (Locobase 7354)

Data from ACL 1913 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Three years after Rogers delivered locomotives to the Wilmington & Weldon and the ACL of South Carolina, they repeated the order with slightly larger engines. The ACL-SC received 4, the W & W 2. In most respects, they were identical to the earlier locomotives, but all of the dimensions had been enlarged to a degree. Like most of the other ACL classes, these engines operated for decades.

Class F/F-2 (Locobase 7355)

Data from ACL 1913 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

A large collection of Eight-wheelers came into the ACL in 1900 when it was formed out of several predecessors. This particular group was the most numerous and had stocked 4 railroads as follows:

The ACL of South Carolina - 24 locomotives (504-527)

Wilmington & Weldon - 17 locomotives (123-135, 141-144)

ACL of Virginia - 13 locomotives (387-399)

Norfolk & Carolina -- 6 locomotives

Class H (Locobase 7352)

Data from ACL 1930 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Works numbers were 12923 and 12927.

As far as Locobase can determine from the diagram in the book, this pair were originally produced as Vauclain compounds. The tiny HP cylinders took the steam first, then shared it with the not-so-very-much larger LP cylinders. They were later converted to simple expansion; see Locobase 7675.

Class H - simpled (Locobase 7675)

Data from ACL 1930 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Although similar in many ways to the D class that were delivered to the W & W ten years earlier (Locobase 7350), these Eight-wheelers were larger, operated at a higher pressure, and stood on taller drivers. This pair originally were delivered as Vauclain compounds (Locobase 7352). To convert them to simple-expansion,, It appears that the ACL simply removed the smaller cylinders

When the ACL printed their 1930 diagram book, they still were listed as active.

Specifications
Class25A1 - 400A1 - 401DF-1F/F-2HH - simpled
Locobase ID21487664766573507354735573527675
RailroadFlorida Southern (ACL)Atlantic Coast Line (ACL)Atlantic Coast Line (ACL)Atlantic Coast Line (ACL)Atlantic Coast Line (ACL)Atlantic Coast Line (ACL)Wilmington & Weldon (ACL)Atlantic Coast Line (ACL)
Whyte4-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-0
Road Numbers25-27 / 701-03 / 537-39400401-402117-120, 590-596121-122, 500-03 /1-4, 479145-146 / 65-66145-146 / 65-66
GaugeStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStd
BuilderBrooksRogersRogersseveralBurnham, Williams & CoACL
Year18941870187018821885188618921913
Valve GearStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephenson
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase 8.50' 7.67' 7.50' 8.25' 8.75' 8.50' 8.50' 8.50'
Engine Wheelbase22.50'21.33'21.54'22.36'22.95'23'23.10'23.10'
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheebase 0.38 0.36 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.37 0.37 0.37
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender)44.75'42.69'40.83'43.85'44.97'45.37'45.56'45.56'
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle)30340 lbs27720 lbs28900 lbs
Weight on Drivers58600 lbs39200 lbs41000 lbs50200 lbs57100 lbs57410 lbs56620 lbs56620 lbs
Engine Weight93600 lbs64500 lbs66200 lbs82100 lbs90900 lbs92210 lbs93820 lbs93820 lbs
Tender Light Weight67000 lbs42600 lbs41650 lbs62000 lbs62000 lbs62000 lbs62000 lbs62000 lbs
Total Engine and Tender Weight160600 lbs107100 lbs107850 lbs144100 lbs152900 lbs154210 lbs155820 lbs155820 lbs
Tender Water Capacity3500 gals2000 gals2700 gals2700 gals2700 gals2700 gals2700 gals
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal)6 tons tons tons tons tons tons tons tons
Minimum weight per yard of rail on which locomotive could run49 lb rail33 lb rail34 lb rail42 lb rail48 lb rail48 lb rail47 lb rail47 lb rail
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter62"59.50"65"62"62"63"68"68"
Boiler Pressure160 psi130 psi130 psi140 psi145 psi130 psi180 psi180 psi
Cylinders (dia x stroke)17" x 24"15" x 24"15" x 24"17" x 24"18" x 24"18" x 24"11.5" x 24"19" x 24"
Tractive Effort15214 lbs10029 lbs9180 lbs13313 lbs15458 lbs13639 lbs10453 lbs19494 lbs
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 3.85 3.91 4.47 3.77 3.69 4.21 5.42 2.90
Heating Ability
Firebox Area111 sq. ft87.60 sq. ft75.60 sq. ft96.52 sq. ft113.07 sq. ft134.50 sq. ft134.80 sq. ft134.80 sq. ft
Grate Area17 sq. ft14.39 sq. ft11.72 sq. ft15.81 sq. ft17.23 sq. ft17.10 sq. ft17.11 sq. ft17.11 sq. ft
Evaporative Heating Surface116680887611561265145714571457
Superheating Surface
Combined Heating Surface116680887611561265145714571457
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume184.93164.60178.46183.35178.96206.12504.98185.00
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation27201871152422132498222330803080
Same as above plus superheater percentage27201871152422132498222330803080
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area177601138898281351316395174852426424264
Power L145133272359837603880411255205520
Power MT339.57368.04386.94330.25299.61315.81429.87429.87

Reference

Credits

Introduction and specifications provided by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media.