Boston & Providence 4-4-0 "American" Type Locomotives

Class Attelborough (Locobase 9540)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

The last of the engines on George Griggs' 1856 list was this smaller Eight-wheeler that may have been built as a replacement for an earlier locomotive.

Class Bristol (Locobase 9526)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

Griggs' third Roxbury-built machine was delivered a month after Suffolk in June 1846 and combined the larger boiler of the second engine with the shallower firebox.

Class Iron Horse (Locobase 9531)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

Griggs clearly was designing different engines for specific service. This next Roxbury engine, delivered in September 1848, reverted to a smaller grate and cylinder volume, but lengthened its boiler by a foot. Rhode Island (Locobase 9532) was identical except for cylinder volume and driver diameter.

Class Mansfield (Locobase 9539)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

Another of the very few foreigners on Griggs' 1856 list, this Massachusetts engine was quite a bit bigger than any of the homebuilts (and most Taunton locomotives of the time) and showed very many of the characteristics typical of an American Eight-wheeler of the time.

Class Narraganset (Locobase 9530)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

Virtually identical to the Taghconic that had appeared a month earlier, the Narraganset was the most powerful Griggs engine so far. Its larger cylinder volume raised the yet-to-be-calculated tractive effort.

Class Neponset (Locobase 9535)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

This was the only Griggs engine that would have the 2"-diameter boiler tube that would be a standard size later on in the Century. Its delivery in June 1849 provided a passenger engine with a slightly larger boiler.

Class Norfolk (Locobase 9524)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

George Griggs' first home-built locomotives set the pattern for the next several B & P engines. Norfolk, Suffolk (Locobase 9525), and Bristol (Locobase 9526) were virtually identical but are shown to illustrate the tentative nature of Griggs' first efforts. Norfolk was completed first in May 1845 and had the smallest drivers and the fewest tubes.

Class Providence (Locobase 9533)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

One of the few "foreign" engines to appear on Griggs' 1856 motive power was this slightly smaller locomotive from another Massachusetts builder delivered in February 1849. Its firebox was a bit bigger in relation to its tube surface area, but the other dimensions were not significantly different.

Class Rhode Island (Locobase 9532)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

Rhode Island shared virtually all of the major dimensions with Iron Horse, which also entered service in Septermber 1848. Its stroke was 2" longer and it stood on taller drivers, suggesting a more resolutely passenger-service orientation.

Class Suffolk (Locobase 9525)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

Griggs' second B & P machine added a few tubes to the boiler and deepened the firebox, but was otherwise similar to the Norfolk although it was delivered a year later in May 1846.

Class Taghconic (Locobase 9529)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

The Eight-wheeler design was beginning to take its most recognized form, but it was still small.. Grate area still came in below 10 sq ft and the total heating surface was less than 700 sq ft. Output at the B & P's Roxbury shop was about to jump with this first of the 1848 locomotives.

Class Washington (Locobase 9538)

Data from table entitled "Motive Power Boston & Providence Railroad Company," Railway and Locomotive Engineering, October 1899, page 443, which was prepared by George S Griggs, then (November 1856) Superintendent of Motive Power at the B & P's Roxbury, Mass Machine Shop. NB: Boiler pressure is an estimate.

September 1854 was only 2 years before Griggs published the table from which the Locobase entries have been taken. By this time, he had adopted the standard Eight-wheeler layout, although the dimensions were still a bit small. New York, which followed in December 1854 may have been an identical design except for the smaller drivers (60") and tubes that measured 2 ft longer.

c

Specifications
ClassAttelboroughBristolIron HorseMansfieldNarragansetNeponsetNorfolkProvidenceRhode IslandSuffolkTaghconicWashington
Locobase ID954095269531953995309535952495339532952595299538
RailroadBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & ProvidenceBoston & Providence
Whyte4-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-0
Road Numbers
GaugeStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStd
BuilderP & B RoxburyB&P RoxburyB&P RoxburyTauntonB&P RoxburyB&P RoxburyB&P RoxburyTauntonB&P RoxburyB&P RoxburyB&P RoxburyB&P Roxbury
Year185518461848185518481849184518491848184618481854
Valve GearlinkHookFixed, cut-offVariable cut-offFixed, cut-offLinkHookLinkLinkHooklinklink
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase
Engine Wheelbase
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheebase
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender)
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle)
Weight on Drivers20880 lbs21050 lbs24000 lbs34300 lbs24000 lbs28000 lbs20555 lbs28000 lbs28307 lbs21705 lbs26580 lbs30666 lbs
Engine Weight44700 lbs35805 lbs40100 lbs52900 lbs40100 lbs43050 lbs34460 lbs44400 lbs44307 lbs35705 lbs41500 lbs48666 lbs
Tender Light Weight20800 lbs37000 lbs29943 lbs
Total Engine and Tender Weight65500 lbs75000 lbs75000 lbs89900 lbs75000 lbs75000 lbs75000 lbs75000 lbs75000 lbs75000 lbs75000 lbs78609 lbs
Tender Water Capacity1354 gals1526 gals1526 gals1471 gals1358 gals1531 gals1286 gals1355 gals1526 gals1475 gals
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal)1.5 tons1.5 tons tons1.5 tons1.5 tons1.5 tons1.5 tons1.5 tons1.5 tons1.5 tons1.7 tons
Minimum weight per yard of rail on which locomotive could run17 lb rail18 lb rail20 lb rail29 lb rail20 lb rail23 lb rail17 lb rail23 lb rail24 lb rail18 lb rail22 lb rail26 lb rail
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter54"60"60"60"54"66"55"60"66"60"66"66"
Boiler Pressure75 psi75 psi75 psi100 psi75 psi75 psi75 psi100 psi75 psi75 psi75 psi75 psi
Cylinders (dia x stroke)15" x 20"14.63" x 18"14.75" x 18"16" x 20"16" x 20"14.75" x 20"14.5" x 18"15" x 18"14.75" x 20"14.63" x 18"14.75" x 18"15" x 20"
Tractive Effort5313 lbs4093 lbs4161 lbs7253 lbs6044 lbs4203 lbs4387 lbs5738 lbs4203 lbs4093 lbs3783 lbs4347 lbs
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 3.93 5.14 5.77 4.73 3.97 6.66 4.69 4.88 6.73 5.30 7.03 7.05
Heating Ability
Firebox Area66 sq. ft44.80 sq. ft50.80 sq. ft76.30 sq. ft49.50 sq. ft56.60 sq. ft44.80 sq. ft54.40 sq. ft50.80 sq. ft50.50 sq. ft56.50 sq. ft70.60 sq. ft
Grate Area10.75 sq. ft 8.75 sq. ft 9.20 sq. ft13.10 sq. ft 9.20 sq. ft 9.50 sq. ft 8.75 sq. ft10 sq. ft 9.20 sq. ft 8.50 sq. ft 9.55 sq. ft11.10 sq. ft
Evaporative Heating Surface6235717261023668765550645726577675827
Superheating Surface
Combined Heating Surface6235717261023668765550645726577675827
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume152.30163.04203.94219.80143.53193.41159.87175.20183.55164.75189.61202.17
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation80665669013106907136561000690638716833
Same as above plus superheater percentage80665669013106907136561000690638716833
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area495033603810763037134245336054403810378842385295
Power L1157317032065301813282186154724912044177622192380
Power MT332.17356.72379.38387.96243.98344.24331.85392.26318.38360.78368.10342.20

Credits

Introduction and specifications provided by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media.