Santa Fe 4-4-2 "Atlantic" Type Locomotives

Class 1400 (Locobase 6547)

The 1920 AT & SF locomotive diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection shows that the firebox heating surface included 30 sq ft of arch tubes.

This class was the most numerous group of Atlantics on the Santa Fe. Like virtually of the rest, these were 4-cylinder Vauclain compounds. The 1905-1907 engines had these works numbers: 26110, 26118, 26120-26121, 26153, 26180, 26194, 26202, 27593-27594, 27622-27624, 27754, 27767, 27797-27798, 27819, 27820, 27837, 27842-27844, 27918, 27963, 28011.28109, 30385-30386, 30399, 30423, 30430, 30439, 30462-30466, 30579, 30598-30599, 30652-30653, 30731-30732, 30743, 30746-30747, 30784, 30794, 30814-30815.

The later locomotives - 1452-1478 -- were delivered in 1909 to essentially the same design. Their works numbers were:33861-33866, 33881-33882, 33899-33906, 33946-33947, 34084-34087, 34106-34109, 34138.

A further 12 were delivered with 73" drivers; see Locobase 6548. One was superheated; see Locobase 8994.

Class 1453 - superheated (Locobase 8994)

The 1920 AT & SF locomotive diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection shows that the firebox heating surface included 30 sq ft of arch tubes.

Locobase was suprised to find this lone superheated compound among the large class of saturated Atlantics produced by Baldwin for the Santa Fe (see Locobase . The large-diameter tubes and flues allowed for a nearly identical heating surface to that of the earlier design, but almost 1/5 of that amount was now superheated.

Class 1480/Bull Moosers (Locobase 450)

These odd Atlantics (23 in all) had an unusual profile with three domes -- the two steam domes flanked the sand dome. Nicknamed "Bull Moosers," their tapered boilers mounted ahead of a Jacobs-Shupert firebox were long enought that there was room for a third driving axle. Also, the Walschaerts valve gear was spread out along the driving set and had intermediate links. The main rod drove the front axle.

Steam from the front dome traveled through an external steam pipe extending forward and down into the inside high-pressure cylinders. Another steam pipe emerged near the smokebox on either side after passing through a smokebox reheater; this pipe entered the outside low-pressure cylinders.

Retired in 1926-1953.

In the 1920s, 14 of these engines were converted to simple-expansion operation (22" x 26" cylinders, one steam dome removed, main rod driving the rear axle).

Class 1550 (Locobase 6548)

The 1920 AT & SF locomotive diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection shows that the firebox heating surface included 30 sq ft of arch tubes.

The larger portion of this class is described in Locobase 6547, but the only significant difference is driver diameter. They were produced as 1450-1462 (works #26009, 26015, 26030, 26049, 26089, 26099, 26104 in July 1905 and 27625, 27664, 27689-27690, 27704 in February-March 1906). They renumbered in the 1550 range to accommodate later orders of 79" Atlantics that took the original locomotives and ensured a continuous numbering for that variant.

All of the Santa Fe's Baldwin Atlantics operated for decades, some leaving service only in the early 1950s.

Class 256 (Locobase 5330)

Data from AERJ July 1903 as corrected by AT&SF 7 -1901 locomotive diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Information about how many, when, and by whom this class was supplied from http://atsf.railfan.net/atsfstea.html (also visited 6 Feb 2006), the Santa Fe All-Time Steam Roster maintained by Evan Werkema .

These Atlantics were the first of more than 160 4-4-2s purchased by the Santa Fe. They had the Vauclain compound arrangement and at least one (256) had the riveted Jacobs-Shupert firebox.

It's not clear whether they were ever superheated or simpled, but it seems unlikely. With passenger-train weights increasing every year, this inherently limited arrangement enjoyed only short-term success and the class operated only until 1925-1927.

Class 507 (Locobase 4091)

The AT&SF bought a couple of batches of Vauclain balanced-compound Atlantics from Baldwin in this year. Firebox heating surface includes 10 sq ft of "firebrick" tubes. For the later, heavier group of Atlantics built to the same design in the same year, but heavier, see Locobase 8993.

The 1906 Baldwin catalogue, which is reproduced on http://www.railroadextra.com/blatsf.hmtl, shows one of the 35-engine class that also was displayed at the St Louis Exposition of 1904. See also the report of Tests of Locomotives at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition published in Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (Volume 27 - 1906), pp. 625-626.

In the late 1920s, the Santa Fe either scrapped the Atlantics it had or converted them to simple-expansion. The latter ran into the 1940s.

Class 542 (Locobase 8993)

Data from AT&SF 9 -1920 locomotive diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Information about how many, when, and by whom this class was supplied from http://atsf.railfan.net/atsfstea.html (accessed 6 Feb 2006), the Santa Fe All-Time Steam Roster maintained by Evan Werkema

The AT&SF bought a couple of batches of Vauclain balanced-compound Atlantics from Baldwin in this year. Locobase 4091 tells about the first set. This latter group of 18 (Works #24663-24665, 24673, 24678-24679, 24684, 24694-24695, 24702-24704, 24706, 24712-24714, 24725, 24757) came in September 1904 and had a firebox heating surface that included 20 sq ft of arch tubes. Other than that and an increase in weights, the two classes were essentially identical.

Works #24663-24665, 24673, 24678-24679, 24684, 24694-24695, 24702-24704, 24706, 24712-24714, 24725, 24757.

In the late 1920s, the Santa Fe either scrapped the Atlantics it had or converted them to simple-expansion. The latter ran into the 1940s.

Specifications
Class14001453 - superheated1480/Bull Moosers1550256507542
Locobase ID654789944506548533040918993
RailroadSanta Fe (ATSF)Santa Fe (ATSF)Santa Fe (ATSF)Santa Fe (ATSF)Santa Fe (ATSF)Santa Fe (ATSF)Santa Fe (ATSF)
Whyte4-4-24-4-24-4-24-4-24-4-24-4-24-4-2
Road Numbers1400-1451, 1452-147814531480-15021550-1562256-259507-541542-559
GaugeStdStdStdStdStdStdStd
BuilderBurnham, Williams & CoSanta FeBaldwinBurnham, Williams & CoBurnham, Williams & CoBurnham, Williams & CoBurnham, Williams & Co
Year1905191319101905190319041904
Valve GearWalschaertWalschaertWalschaertWalschaertWalschaertWalschaertWalschaert
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase 6.83' 6.83' 6.50' 6.83' 6.33' 6.83' 6.83'
Engine Wheelbase30.25'30.25'32.67'30.25'29.50'30.25'30.25'
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheebase 0.23 0.23 0.20 0.23 0.21 0.23 0.23
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender)59.54'62.35'64.56'62.44'58.71'59.54'62.44'
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle)56830 lbs57675 lbs56150 lbs
Weight on Drivers111160 lbs115225 lbs112125 lbs107160 lbs90000 lbs101420 lbs110560 lbs
Engine Weight208770 lbs220795 lbs231675 lbs206360 lbs187000 lbs193760 lbs208110 lbs
Tender Light Weight164300 lbs175000 lbs179225 lbs175000 lbs140000 lbs164240 lbs175000 lbs
Total Engine and Tender Weight373070 lbs395795 lbs410900 lbs381360 lbs327000 lbs358000 lbs383110 lbs
Tender Water Capacity8500 gals9000 gals20000 gals8500 gals8400 gals8500 gals9000 gals
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal)14 tons7000 gals gals9 tons tons14 tons
Minimum weight per yard of rail on which locomotive could run93 lb rail96 lb rail93 lb rail89 lb rail75 lb rail85 lb rail92 lb rail
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter79"79"73"73"73"79"79"
Boiler Pressure220 psi220 psi220 psi220 psi220 psi220 psi220 psi
Cylinders (dia x stroke)15" x 26"15" x 26"15" x 26"15" x 26"15" x 26"15" x 26"15" x 26"
Low Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke)25" x 26"25" x 26"25" x 26"25" x 26"25" x 26"25" x 26"25" x 26"
Tractive Effort20364 lbs20364 lbs22038 lbs22038 lbs22038 lbs20364 lbs20364 lbs
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 5.46 5.66 5.09 4.86 4.08 4.98 5.43
Heating Ability
Firebox Area220 sq. ft220 sq. ft220 sq. ft190 sq. ft200 sq. ft220 sq. ft
Grate Area49.60 sq. ft49.50 sq. ft48 sq. ft49.60 sq. ft49.50 sq. ft49.50 sq. ft49.50 sq. ft
Evaporative Heating Surface323625793236308332153236
Superheating Surface603
Combined Heating Surface3236318203236308332153236
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume608.52484.97608.52579.75604.57608.52
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation10912108901056010912108901089010890
Same as above plus superheater percentage10912130681056010912108901089010890
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area4840058080048400418004400048400
Power L185031785707857730882658503
Power MT337.28683.320323.29358.03359.32339.11

Reference

Credits

Introduction and specifications provided by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media.