Wisconsin Central / Wisconsin & Northern / Minneapolis, St Paul & Sault Ste Marie 4-6-0 "Ten-Wheeler" Type Locomotives

Class E (Locobase 8776)

Data from Soo 9 - 1943 Steam Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Unusual Soo-Line engines of the time in that they had such tall drivers. Less unusually, they arrived as Vauclain compounds with 2 20" HP cylinders and 2 32" LP cylinders. Not too long after they arrived, the railroad simpled the system as shown in the specs.

Class E-1 (Locobase 8777)

Data from Soo 9 - 1943 Steam Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

As Drury (1993) notes, these passenger Ten-wheelers were among the only 4-6-0s used by the Soo in that service.

Class E-2 (Locobase 8778)

Data from Soo 9 - 1943 Steam Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Rolling on freight-sized drivers, this pair of Ten-wheelers started on the W & N, but came to the Soo when the latter bought the former in 1921. Locobase doesn't know for sure, but believes that these engines were superheated when they got to the Soo if not when they were originally delivered to the W & N.

Class E-20 (Locobase 8779)

Data from Soo 9 - 1943 Steam Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Brooks typically pressed its locomotive boilers to a higher setting than most of its contemporaries. Here was a set of 11 Ten-wheelers that retained the small cylinder volume and deep, narrow fireboxes of the time, but flaunted a 175-psi boiler. Works # ran 1658-1664 and 1667-1669.

Class E-21 (Locobase 8780)

Data from Soo 9 - 1943 Steam Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Brooks delivered these Ten-wheelers to the WC just one year after the E-20s (Locobase 8779), but they were bigger. They had larger boilers and grates, substantially larger fireboxes, and they weighed a good deal more. Works #1887-1894 were produced together, then a break, then the batch of 5 (1905-1909).

Class E-22 (Locobase 3297)

Data from 1899 Brooks catalogue.

Builder info from B.Rumary, 25 Kingscombe, Gurney Slade, Radstock, BA3 4TH, ENGLAND and Jeremy Lambert as supplied by Allen Stanley in March 2004. Works #2923-2928, produced in March 1898.

Piston-valved passenger engine with Improved Belpaire boiler and firebox containing 24 sq ft of arch tubing.

Railroad Gazette of 3 June 1898 notes that the 10-locomotive order was broken into 6 freight, shown in this entry, and 4 passenger, shown in Locobase 2977. The boilers and grates were the same, but these freight engines had cylinders 1" larger in diameter and, of course, smaller drivers. They were later taken into the Soo Line as 2619-2624.

This batch was followed up with two more: 3154-3160 (February 1899), which came onto the WC as 231-237, and 3433-3436 (Feb 1900), road #238-241. On the Soo, they were classed E-22s as well and numbered 2629-2639

Class E-23 (Locobase 2977)

Data from 1899 Brooks catalogue.

Builder info from B.Rumary, 25 Kingscombe, Gurney Slade, Radstock, BA3 4TH, ENGLAND and Jeremy Lambert as supplied by Allen Stanley in March 2004. Works #2929-2932, produced in March 1898.

Railroad Gazette of 3 June 1898 notes that the 10-locomotive order was broken into 4 passenger, shown in this entry, and 6 freight, shown in another (Locobase 3297).

Piston-valved passenger engine with Improved Belpaire boiler and firebox containing 24 sq ft of arch tubing. Compared to the 6 freight engines, these four had taller drivers, but cylinders that were 1" smaller in diameter. The smaller cylinder volume makes Locobase wonder ... Later taken into the Soo Line as 2625-2628.

Class E-23-S (Locobase 8781)

Data from Soo 9 - 1943 Steam Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

At some point after their introduction, the E-23s (Locobase 2977) of the Wisconsin Central received superheaters. The tradeoff of small tubes for larger flues achieved the usual ratio. Also, the Belpaire firebox remained intact, although the firebox heating surface shown is lower.

Class E-24-S (Locobase 8765)

Data from Soo Miscellaneous Steam Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Delivered to the Wisconsin Central from Brooks as a batch (works #3437-3441)

in 1900 as low-drivered, saturated-steam freight locomotives, this class was later superheated after the Soo took over the WC in 1909.

Class E-25 (Locobase 4140)

Profiled in the Railroad Gazette 10 May 1901, this batch of 10 freight locomotives were slightly larger than the 1898 freight ten-wheelers found elsewhere at Locobase 3297.

Builder info from B.Rumary, 25 Kingscombe, Gurney Slade, Radstock, BA3 4TH, ENGLAND and Jeremy Lambert as supplied by Allen Stanley in March 2004. Works #23687-3689 (November 1900), 3704-3706, 3708-3711 in December 1900.

Like the earlier engines, these were piston-valved freight engines with Improved Belpaire boiler. The chief difference was a much larger grate that sat over the low drivers rather than between them. They also had even smaller drivers. Later taken into the Soo Line as 2645-2654 and superheated; see Locobase

3437-3441 (February 1900) - road #242-246 -- had the same basic dimensions, but were lighter. The Soo put them in a separate class E-24 (Locobase 8765).

Class E-25-S (Locobase 8782)

Data from Soo 9 - 1943 Steam Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Surely it must have been a rare event in North American superheating to trim the grate's width by 11 inches during the remodeling. The saturated-steam E-25 (Locobase 4140) had a grate measuring 73 1/4", but the remodeled hotrod had its grate cut to 62 1/4" wide. The answer lies in the substitution of an extended wagon top boiler for the original Belpaire design.

Otherwise, the makeover involved the typical substitution of a few flues for dozens of small tubes.

Specifications
ClassEE-1E-2E-20E-21E-22E-23E-23-SE-24-SE-25E-25-S
Locobase ID87768777877887798780329729778781876541408782
RailroadMinneapolis, St Paul & Sault Ste Marie (Soo)Minneapolis, St Paul & Sault Ste Marie (Soo)Wisconsin & Northern (Soo)Wisconsin Central (Soo)Wisconsin Central (Soo)Wisconsin Central (Soo)Wisconsin Central (Soo)Wisconsin Central (Soo)Minneapolis, St Paul & Sault Ste Marie (Soo)Wisconsin Central (Soo)Wisconsin Central (Soo)
Whyte4-6-04-6-04-6-04-6-04-6-04-6-04-6-04-6-04-6-04-6-04-6-0
Road Numbers600-604505-511 / 605-6114-5 / 612-613201-210 / 2600-2608211-220 / 2611-2620221-26, 231-41 / 2619-24+227-230 / 2625-2628227-230 / 2625-26282640-2644247-256 / 2645-2654247-256 / 2645-2654
GaugeStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStd
BuilderSchenectadyBurnham, Williams & CoAlco-SchenectadyBrooksBrooksBrooksBrooksSooSooBrooksSoo
Year189819021913189018911898189819191900
Valve GearStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephenson
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase15'14.83'14'16'14'14.50'14.50'14.50'14.50'14.50'14.50'
Engine Wheelbase26.08'25.83'24.58'26.01'24.17'24.75'24.75'24.75'24.75'24.83'24.83'
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheebase 0.58 0.57 0.57 0.62 0.58 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.58 0.58
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender)53.62'56.92'52.81'47.96'48.81'52.09'52.09'52.20'51.92'52.95'52.95'
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle)44900 lbs
Weight on Drivers96000 lbs120210 lbs119000 lbs88800 lbs103000 lbs115000 lbs116000 lbs120800 lbs117100 lbs122000 lbs127080 lbs
Engine Weight136000 lbs156830 lbs166000 lbs122800 lbs130000 lbs149000 lbs150000 lbs157700 lbs152900 lbs158000 lbs165260 lbs
Tender Light Weight99550 lbs112800 lbs121200 lbs72900 lbs74000 lbs94000 lbs94000 lbs113320 lbs83400 lbs102000 lbs111200 lbs
Total Engine and Tender Weight235550 lbs269630 lbs287200 lbs195700 lbs204000 lbs243000 lbs244000 lbs271020 lbs236300 lbs260000 lbs276460 lbs
Tender Water Capacity4500 gals6000 gals6000 gals3700 gals3700 gals4500 gals4500 gals4850 gals4500 gals5000 gals5000 gals
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal)9 tons10 tons10 tons7.5 tons8 tons10 tons10 tons11.5 tons10 tons9.5 tons9.5 tons
Minimum weight per yard of rail on which locomotive could run53.33 lb rail66.78 lb rail66.11 lb rail49.33 lb rail57.22 lb rail63.89 lb rail64.44 lb rail67.11 lb rail65.06 lb rail67.78 lb rail70.60 lb rail
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter73"69"63"63"63"63"69"69"57"57"57"
Boiler Pressure200 psi200 psi200 psi175 psi180 psi200 psi200 psi200 psi200 psi200 psi200 psi
Cylinders (dia x stroke)19" x 26"20" x 26"20" x 26"18" x 24"19" x 24"20" x 26"19" x 26"20" x 26"20" x 26"20" x 26"20" x 26"
Tractive Effort21858 lbs25623 lbs28063 lbs18360 lbs21041 lbs28063 lbs23125 lbs25623 lbs31018 lbs31018 lbs31018 lbs
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 4.39 4.69 4.24 4.84 4.90 4.10 5.02 4.71 3.78 3.93 4.10
Heating Ability
Firebox Area127 sq. ft174 sq. ft181 sq. ft130 sq. ft214.30 sq. ft189 sq. ft189 sq. ft176 sq. ft176 sq. ft186.60 sq. ft165 sq. ft
Grate Area27.54 sq. ft34.17 sq. ft29.10 sq. ft18.68 sq. ft23.37 sq. ft32.40 sq. ft32.40 sq. ft32.60 sq. ft32.40 sq. ft54.40 sq. ft45.30 sq. ft
Evaporative Heating Surface17362613173616001840230023001707170725671790
Superheating Surface325345345370
Combined Heating Surface17362613206116001840230023002052205225672160
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume203.47276.39183.63226.35233.63243.29269.57180.56180.56271.53189.34
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation55086834582032694206.606480648065206480108809060
Same as above plus superheater percentage550868346737.7632694206.60648064807616.207569.471088010611.94
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area254003480041908.392275038574378003780041118.1341118.133732038652.78
Power L16762.028473.6812363.835848.946986.897208.168747.5413847.8811439.557034.1611948.02
Power MT465.87466.21687.17435.63448.64414.55498.75758.18646.11381.34621.83

Credits

Introduction and specifications provided by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media.