When the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad took delivery of its last series of 2-10-2 locomotives it had the Baldwin Locomotive Works, as an experiment, equip one of them (number 3829) with a four wheel trailing truck. This experimental 2-10-4 locomotive was the first of this wheel arrangement and had 30" dia. x 32" stroke cylinders, 63" dia. drivers, a 195 psi boiler pressure, a tractive effort of 75,700 lbs and a weight of 402,000 pounds. The experiment did not yield any conclusive results and number 3829 remained in service as a 2-10-4 until it was retired in 1955 and none of the other Class 3800 were fitted with four-wheel trucks.

In 1930, the AT&SF tried the 2-10-4 wheel arrangement again. This time it was a single Baldwin built locomotive, bought for a trail test with 30" dia. x 34" stroke cylinders, 69" dia. drivers, a 300 psi boiler pressure, a tractive effort of 95,584 lbs and a weight of 502,600 pounds. This locomotive was given the nick name of "Madam Queen". It did an effective job of convincing the AT&SF that the 2-10-4 would be a workable locomotive on its railroad. However, the drop in traffic caused by the depression held up ordering more until 1938.

Ten "Texas" type locomotives were delivered from Baldwin in 1938. Five of them (road numbers 5001 through 5005) were coal burners and the other five (road numbers 5006 through 5010) burned oil. These Class 5001 locomotives had 30" dia. x 34" stroke cylinders, 74" dia. drivers, a 310 psi boiler pressure, a tractive effort of 93,000 pounds. The coal burners weighed 540,500 lbs and the oil burners weighed 533,000 lbs.

Another order was given to Baldwin for twenty five oil burning 2-10-4s which it delivered in 1944. These locomotives were assigned road numbers 5011 through 5036 and were similar to the ones delivered in 1938. There are five surviving AT&SF "Texas" type locomotives:

• 5000, Santa Fe Park in Amarillo, TX
• 5011, Museum of Transportation in St. Louis, MO
• 5017, National Railroad Museum in Green Bay, WI
• 5021, North of the California State Railroad Museum Shop, Sacramento, CA
• 5030 at Salvador Perez Park, Santa Fe, NM