Data from DeGolyer, Vol 79, pp. 442+. See also The Far Eastern crisis: occupation of Manchuria by Japan and statement of policy by the United States, pp. 1-754, United States Department of State / Foreign relations of the United States diplomatic papers, 1932, Volume III The Far East (1932) (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1948) , p. 11, [], last accessed 10 October 2013. Works numbers were 60040-60043 in May 1927.
These small superheated Moguls were mixed-traffic engines and thus not over-endowed with the latest appliances. Their 9 1/2" (241 mm) piston valves were needed to convey the hot steam to their cylinders, but they had only 10 sq ft (9.3 sq m) of arch tubes to contribute to their firebox heating surface area.
The 250-mile (403 km) Mukden-Hailung was built in the mid-1920s by Chinese interests in Manchuria. Consul General M S Myers of the Manchurian Consulate explained in a 1 January 1932 dispatch to US Secretary of State Stimson how this and other railway projects affected Sino-Japanese relations: "Railways have, in the past, been one of the most important Sino-Japanese problems in Manchuria. The Chinese began constructing railways on their own behalf in 1925 and at a very early stage these railways met with objections from the Japanese, the Mukden-Hailung and Kirin-Hailung lines because of their forming a line parallel to the South Manchuria Railway and the Kirin-Hailung additionally because of its being part and parcel of the Eirin-Kaiyuan project provided for by one of the so-called Nishihara agreements (Preliminary Agreement for a loan for railways in Manchuria and Mongolia-September 28, 1918). It may be mentioned here that the alleged secret protocols to the Sino-Japanese Treaty of December 22, 1905,1' interdict the construction of parallel lines to the South Manchuria Railway."
Myers further reported that the Japanese had substantial basis for their complaints against China concerning the failure to honor commitments, the use of "devious means" in avoiding a fair distribution of outgoing freight traffic, and the construction of a railway in direct contravention of the secret protocols described in the cable.
During the September 1931 incursion, Japanese aircraft bombed the Mukden-Hailung. By the end of the year, the Mukden-Hailung still operated under Chinese management, but that Japanese advisers completely controlled its financial operations. Many historians have regarded the 1931 act as the first event in the long chain leading to World War II.
Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media | |
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Class | 51 |
Locobase ID | 15463 |
Railroad | Mukden Hailung |
Country | China |
Whyte | 2-6-0 |
Number in Class | 4 |
Road Numbers | 51-54 |
Gauge | Std |
Number Built | 4 |
Builder | Baldwin |
Year | 1927 |
Valve Gear | Walschaert |
Locomotive Length and Weight | |
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m) | 11.50 / 3.51 |
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m) | 19.33 / 5.89 |
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase | 0.59 |
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m) | 47.98 / 14.62 |
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg) | |
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg) | 95,000 / 43,091 |
Engine Weight (lbs / kg) | 110,000 / 49,895 |
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg) | 118,700 / 53,841 |
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg) | 228,700 / 103,736 |
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML) | 6000 / 22.73 |
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT) | 8 / 7 |
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m) | 53 / 26.50 |
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort | |
Driver Diameter (in / mm) | 54 / 1372 |
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa) | 180 / 1240 |
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm) | 18" x 24" / 457x610 |
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg) | 22,032 / 9993.56 |
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) | 4.31 |
Heating Ability | |
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm) | 113 - 2" / 51 |
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm) | 18 - 5.375" / 137 |
Flue/Tube length (ft / m) | 11 / 3.35 |
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2) | 113 / 10.50 |
Grate Area (sq ft / m2) | 21.30 / 1.98 |
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2) | 1036 / 96.25 |
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2) | 210 / 19.51 |
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2) | 1246 / 115.76 |
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume | 146.56 |
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information) | |
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation | 3834 |
Same as above plus superheater percentage | 4486 |
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area | 23,798 |
Power L1 | 8001 |
Power MT | 557.03 |