Suomen valtionrautatiet 2-8-0 Locomotives in Finland


Class Details by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media

Class K1/Tk1 - Amerikan satikka (Locobase 5643)

Data from Markku Karvonen's personal.inet.fi/koti/markku.karvonen/prk/vanha3.htm (visited 29 March 2003); and DeGolyer, Volume 22. p. 230. Additional information from the animator's railroad website -- [link] (2 April 2003) -- gives us Baldwin's works numbers:

17301-17306 (271-276) and 17312-315 (277-280) in 1899,

17413-422 (281-290) in 1900.

The photo shows a small, low-drivered locomotive with a leading truck that looks almost like an afterthought and a plump balloon stack.

Clearly, the VR looked ahead to maintenance and spare parts issues when the supplier was 5,000 miles away. Baldwin's spec noted that the "pistons, cylinder heads & covers, piston rods & metallic packing, and steam chests complete with balanced valves interchangeable with BLW [sic] ten-wheel locos 10-26 Ds. [Locobase 5632]" And "as many parts as possible" of the valve motion were to be interchangeable with "[Baldwin's] heavy Moguls [Locobase 5629]" while the driving axles and "Bones[?]" to interchange with [Richmond-built] light Moguls (Locobase 5630).

Tenders were to be "absolutely" interchangeable with the light Moguls as well. But another note warns "Last tenders built by us [Baldwin] were too heavy at the back end."

Perhaps another example of maintainability's pre-eminence was the surprising injunction to "Try to arrange swell of firebox so the box can be slipped into boiler from below, if it does not sacrifice too many tubes."

The last of these retired in 1959.


Class K2/Tk2 - Satikka (Locobase 5644)

Data from Markku Karvonen's personal.inet.fi/koti/markku.karvonen/prk/vanha3.htm (visited 29 March 2003).

These are suomifications of the Baldwin 2-8-0s that arrived a few years earlier. In the process of taking the lines, the Finnish builder enlarged the cylinder volume and shrank the boiler and grate. (This seems to have a frequent design change during such adaptations.)

Tampella produced the class in batches as follows:

1903 407-415

1904 416-426

1905 457-461

1906 462-470.

The last of these retired in 1960.


Class K3/Tv1/Jumbo (Locobase 4223)

Data from Markku Karvonen's personal.inet.fi/koti/markku.karvonen/prk/vanha3.htm (visited 29 March 2003). Wheelbases and weights from [link]

Karvonen's entry lays out the constructors as follow:

Tampella (Tampere Pellava-ja Rautateollisuus OY)

600-617 1917

594-599 1920

596 1921

697-711 1923-1924

724-741 1924-1925

921-948 1936-1938

1200-1211 1944

Lokomo

685-696 1923-1925

722, 723 1925

910-917 1931

918-920 1936

Hannoveresche Maschinenbau

712-721 1923

Nyqyvist & Holm

900-909 1928


Class K4/Tv2/Wilson, Kaalimato (Locobase 4224)

Data from Markku Karvonen's personal.inet.fi/koti/markku.karvonen/prk/vanha3.htm (visited 29 March 2003). Wheelbase and weights from [link] . See also Roy V Wright (Ed.) 1922 Locomotive Cyclopedia of American Practice, Sixth Edition (New York: Simmons-Boardman Publishing Company, 1922), p. 1006.


Class K5/Tk3 Pikku Jumbo (Locobase 4222)

Data from Markku Karvonen's Finnish website personal.inet.fi/koti/markku.karvonen/prk/vanha3.htm (visited 29 March 2003); and "VR Class Tk3" in Wikipedia at [link], last accessed 21 December 2022. Wheelbases from [link]

The information reveals that this class was built in small bunches over many years. The first 100 were delivered quickly from 1927 to 1930 by Tampella and Lokomo. Lokomo added 8 more in 1943, but the bulk of the remainder (including a batch (1147-1166, 1949) from Frichs in Denmark) were delivered by Tampella and Lokomo in the late 1940s. The last 4 came in 1952-1953.

(adhesion weight from [link]).

Ziel and Eagleson (1973) photos show a compact, low-drivered wood-burner with cabbage stack As with most Finnish locomotives, the fat spark-arresting stack proved necessary to reduce accidental fires in the great swaths of forest through which the locomotives usually passed. Wikipedia reports that birch wood usually served as fuel.

Apparently the heating proportions had been worked out well, as the engines were regarded as good steamers. And they rode well so, Wikipedia adds, "they were very

Risto HyvSrinen , author of the website

[link] (26 April 2003) translated the designator as follows:

Tyyppi/Type:Tk3 Numero/Number: 1168

T= Tavarajunaveturi / Freight locomotive

k= kevyt (akselipaino alle 11 tonnia) /light-weight class, (axle weight under 11 tons)

3= jSrjestysnumero / serial number


Class M1 (Locobase 5618)

Data from Markku Karvonen's personal.inet.fi/koti/markku.karvonen/prk/vanha3.htm (visited 29 March 2003).

Karvonen gives the tractive effort as 9,855 lb, which uses the continental 0.65 conversion factor instead of the 0.85 applied by British and American designers. But even when using 0.85, 12,888 lb is the result, not what's shown above. Locobase cannot read Finnish well enough to determine why there is a big discrepancy.

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
ClassK1/Tk1 - Amerikan satikkaK2/Tk2 - SatikkaK3/Tv1/JumboK4/Tv2/Wilson, KaalimatoK5/Tk3 Pikku Jumbo
Locobase ID5643 5644 4223 4224 4222
RailroadSuomen valtionrautatiet (VR)Suomen valtionrautatiet (VR)Suomen valtionrautatiet (VR)Suomen valtionrautatiet (VR)Suomen valtionrautatiet (VR)
CountryFinlandFinlandFinlandFinlandFinland
Whyte2-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-0
Number in Class203414320161
Road Numbers271-290407-426, 457-470594-617, 685-741, 900-948618-637800-899, 1100-1118, 1129+
Gauge5'5'5'5'5'
Number Built203414320161
BuilderBurnham, Williams & CoTampellaseveralAlco-Schenectadyseveral
Year18991903191719171927
Valve GearStephensonStephensonWalschaertWalschaertWalschaert
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m)12.5015.26 / 4.6514.75 / 4.5014.57 / 4.44
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)1923.79 / 7.2524.58 / 7.4922.90 / 6.98
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.66 0.64 0.60 0.64
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)47.11 / 14.3652.44 / 15.9841.54 / 12.66
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)18,298 / 830018,298 / 830030,424 / 13,80013,001 / 589723,589 / 10,700
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)71,995 / 32,656112,877 / 51,200114,640 / 52,00094,801 / 43,001
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)82,673 / 37,50082,453 / 37,400132,718 / 60,200137,121 / 62,197114,499 / 51,936
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)56,000105,822 / 48,000105,822 / 48,000
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)138,673238,540 / 108,200242,943 / 110,197
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)2006 / 7.601980 / 7.502508 / 9.50
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT)
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)30 / 1547 / 23.5048 / 2440 / 20
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)44.60 / 113344.10 / 112055.10 / 140055.10 / 140050 / 1270
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)178.40 / 1230181.30 / 1250174 / 1200181.30 / 1250203.10 / 1400
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)16" x 20" / 406x50816.14" x 23.23" / 410x59022.05" x 25.59" / 560x65020" x 27.99" / 508x71118.11" x 24.8" / 460x630
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)17,408 / 7896.1521,146 / 9591.6833,397 / 15148.6431,313 / 14203.3528,083 / 12738.25
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 4.14 3.38 3.66 3.38
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)130 - 2" / 51
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)11.83 / 3.61
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)70.62 / 6.56115 / 10.68
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)14.80 / 1.3815.06 / 1.4024.86 / 2.3125.80 / 2.4017.22 / 1.60
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)867 / 80.58900 / 83.641332 / 123.791225 / 113.81915 / 85.04
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)415 / 38.57307 / 28.52280 / 26.02
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)867 / 80.58900 / 83.641747 / 162.361532 / 142.331195 / 111.06
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume186.28163.61117.77120.36123.75
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation26402730432646783497
Same as above plus superheater percentage26402730536456134302
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area12,59925,019
Power L134767465
Power MT425.77574.23

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
ClassM1
Locobase ID5618
RailroadSuomen valtionrautatiet (VR)
CountryFinland
Whyte2-8-0T
Number in Class1
Road Numbers66
Gauge5'
Number Built1
BuilderTampella
Year1913
Valve GearWalschaert
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m)
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)93,255 / 42,300
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)1320 / 5
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT)
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)44.10 / 1120
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)174 / 1200
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)16.14" x 23.23" / 410x590
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)20,295 / 9205.67
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort)
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)12.91 / 1.20
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)784 / 72.86
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)784 / 72.86
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume142.52
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation2246
Same as above plus superheater percentage2246
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area
Power L1
Power MT

Photos

  • VR 418 (11/3/1993 Founders Park, Junction City, OR photo courtesy Dave Smith)
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