Etat 4-4-2 Locomotives in France

Class 2901 / 221-001 (Locobase 6058)

Data from the table presented on pages 370, 372 of the Groupe VI. - GTnie civil. - Moyens de transport. DeuxiFme partie. Classes 32 (Tome I), part of the series of Rapports du Jury Internationale of the Exposition Unverselle Internationale de 1900 Paris Exposition, hosted on the website of Le Conservatoire numTrique des Arts & MTtiers ([], Accessed 21 August 2005). See also DeGolyer, Volume 22, p. 263. Works numbers were 17590-17592, 17608-17611 in March 1900, 17630-17632 in April 1900.

Also I N Jevica's [] (visited 29 May 2004), and Roland Arzul. Jevica's illustration shows a classic high-striding Atlantic of North American design. Some individual touches: Ramsbottom-design tender water scoop and a high tube heating surface area to cylinder volume ratio. When delivered, each locomotive was named: La Benauge, Cabariot, Montaigu, Les Moutiers, Ville Francoeur, Thorigne, Toury, Trementines, Vernon, and Vallercs.

The tall drivers meant they could operate only as express engines from their introduction to their retirement in 1927-1930.

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Class Montagiu (Locobase 11400)

Data from "Rendement des locomotives, experriences de M. Nadal ", Revue Generale des chemins de fer et tramways (May 1900), p. 285. Data from Baldwin Locomotive Works Specification for Engines as digitized by the DeGolyer Library of Southern Methodist University, Volume 22, p. 124.

Taken from the batch of ten Baldwins delivered to the Etat in the same year (Locobase 6058), this engine was produced to test the de Glehn compounding system in the American locomotive.

Google's translations of the Rendement reads: "The curves of work rise nearly in a straight line up to about 99 kilometres (60 miles) per hour, when they curve so as to pass through a maximum value. At a pressure of 12 kilograms (170 lbs. per square inch) this maximum occurs between 100 kilometres and 115 kilometres (62 miles and 71 miles per hour), and at a pressure of 15 kilograms (215 lbs. per square inch) between 115 kilometres and 140 kilometres (71 miles and 87 miles per hour).

"The expenditure of steam per horse-power at constant pressure varies very little between 40 per cent, and 60 per cent, cut-off, and speeds of 40 kilometres to 100 kilometres (25 miles to 62 miles per hour), or 100 revolutions to 240 revolutions per minute; it varies ou the contrary with the pressure, having a mean value of 9 kilograms (19 = 8 lbs.) at pressures of 14 kilograms to 15 kilograms (200 lbs. to 215 lbs. per square inch), and 11-5 kilograms to 12 kilograms (25-3 lbs. to 26-4 lbs.), at pressures of 7 kilograms to 8 kilograms (100 lbs. to 115 lbs. per square inch).

"In almost all the diagrams the steam increases during expansion, though the valves were perfectly tight ...Considerable priming (15 per cent.) occurred, owing to the small steam-space in the boiler, viz., 846 litres, or eight times that of the two high-pressure cylinders, with an evaporating surface of 5.58 square metres (60 square feet). This gives a velocity of evaporization of ^rir in metres per second, where c is the heating-surface, g the grate area, N the evaporating surface, and S the weight of a cubic metre of steam = ^ * f = 0-46 metre per second (l+ feet), which is very high. In burning 500 kilograms of coal per hour per square metre of grate-area (102 lbs. per square foot), the consumption is 1,190 kilograms per hour (2,630 lbs.); the vaporization varies per kilogram of coal from 7-5 kilograms in winter to 8.5 kilograms in summer; the average steam-consumption per HP.-hour is 12 kilograms (26-4 lbs.), and the normal power varies from 740 HP. to 840 HP. The evaporation in kilograms per hour is given by the formula g = 460 JcgT