Prussian State Hanover 4-4-0 Locomotives in Germany


Class Details by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media

Class P 4.1 (Locobase 15531)

Data from SACM diagram Nr. 104 from Societe Alsacienne de Constructions Mecaniques from locomotive book supplied by Dany Machi up at [link] as

Diagrammes des machines SACM construites a GRAFENSTADEN (October 2007).

Very similar to the Prussian S2s shown in Locobase 5843, had smaller drivers, twelve fewer tubes, but a longer wheelbase. These local-traffic engines had an improved bogie, a smooth boiler, and Heusinger valve gear. Like the S2s, the external tube diameter was 46 mm (1.81")


Class P4.1 / BR 36.70 (Locobase 5841)

Data from "Express Passenger Locomotive for the State Railways of Hanover", American Engineer and Railroad Journal, Volume LXIX [59], No. 6 (June 1895), pp. 262-264.

This simple-expansion was identical to the P4.2 compounds except for the latter's 78" drivers. Such low-drivered eight-wheelers as the P4.1 were not procured in large numbers, apparently, although they were built for 11 years.

The AERJ article notes that in January-February 1895 these engines averaged a coal burn of 37 lb/mile (10.4 kg/km) pulling 110 tons. Average speeds were 46.6 mph (75 kph) for express trains, 37.3 mph (60 kph) with locals. Tonnage ratings were 240 tons on the level, 160 tons up 1% and 120 tons up 1 in 64 (1.56%). Cutoff at full speed was 20%.

Although greatly overshadowed by the far more numerous P4.2s, this class endured with nine being given DRG class names and numbers. They were soon retired, however.

See the Oldenburg engines of very similar design in Locobase 15130.


Class S 2 (Locobase 5843)

Data from [link] (Christian Lindecke's website, visited 17 January 2004), supplemented by SACM diagram Nr. 92 from Societe Alsacienne de Constructions Mecaniques from locomotive book supplied by Dany Machi up at [link] as

Diagrammes des machines SACM construites a GRAFENSTADEN (October 2007).

Tube diameter shown is the inside measurement; external diameter was 46 mm (1.81").

The rejection of the compound design found in the first two of this designation didn't mean utter failure, according to Lindecke. Built with inside valve gear, but outside slide valves, the express design proved quite satisfactory and the KPEV took 148.

It was soon apparent, however, that power was lacking, in large part because the cylinders were too small in diameter. When the S3 proved a better design, some of these S2s were converted to a compound layout. Those that remained in service operated on Berlin passenger service until 1918. Only one -- Berlin 6 -- was given a DRG number (13 001).


Class S 2 - Lentz (Locobase 5844)

Data from American Engineer and Railroad Journal of July 1894. Additional info from [link] (Christian Lindecke's website, visited 17 January 2004) for data.

This one locomotive tested the Lentz stayless boiler and corrugated firebox. A central cylindrical section of 64 3/4" diameter was flanked front and back by cones that tapered down to approx 51". The firebox had a horizontal grate in two sections. Its testing began in regular service in June 1892 and lasted only until February 1894, when the boiler exploded while the locomotive waited at a station.


Class S 2v (Locobase 5842)

[link] (Christian Lindecke's website, visited 17 January 2004) says that these two engines were attempts to improve on the basic 4-4-0. They were compounds and had a mechanism for shifting the engine weight so a greater percent rested on the drivers. A mixture of piston valves on the HP cylinders, slide valves on the LP cylinders.

Alas, there was little improvement over existing designs and these two were orphans. Shifted to Altona in 1899, they were later renumbered Altona 101-102, but superseded in 1912.

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
ClassP 4.1P4.1 / BR 36.70S 2S 2 - LentzS 2v
Locobase ID15531 5841 5843 5844 5842
RailroadPrussian State HanoverPrussian State HanoverPrussian State HanoverPrussian State HanoverPrussian State Hanover
CountryPrussiaPrussiaPrussiaPrussiaPrussia
Whyte4-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-0
Number in Class4285514812
Road NumbersBR 36 7001-7009134Hanover 20-21
GaugeStdStdStdStdStd
Number Built4285514812
BuilderseveralHanomagHenschel & SohnHenschel & SohnHenschel & Sohn
Year18911893189218921890
Valve GearHeusingerHeusingerHeusingerHeusingerHeusinger
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m) 8.53 / 2.60 7.05 / 2.15 8.53 / 2.60
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)24.28 / 7.4024.28 / 7.4021.57 / 6.58
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.35 0.29 0.40
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)43.39 / 13.2248.39 / 14.7540.94 / 12.48
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)31,570 / 14,32030,865 / 14,00030,865 / 14,00030,865 / 14,000
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)62,170 / 28,20062,710 / 28,44562,170 / 28,20061,729 / 28,00061,729 / 28,000
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)102,294 / 46,400100,385 / 45,534108,578 / 49,250108,026 / 49,00099,649 / 45,200
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)71,650 / 32,50080,469 / 36,500
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)173,944 / 78,900189,047 / 85,750
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)3168 / 123171 / 12.013960 / 15
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT) 4.40 / 4 5.50 / 5 5.50 / 5
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)52 / 2652 / 2652 / 2651 / 25.5051 / 25.50
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)68.90 / 175068.90 / 175077.20 / 196077.20 / 196077.20 / 1960
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)171.10 / 1180184.20 / 1270171.10 / 1180174 / 1200174 / 1200
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)16.93" x 23.62" / 430x60018.11" x 23.62" / 460x60016.93" x 23.62" / 430x60016.93" x 23.62" / 430x60017.72" x 23.62" / 450x600 (1)
Low Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)25.59" x 23.62" / 650x600 (1)
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)14,290 / 6481.8417,604 / 7985.0512,754 / 5785.1212,970 / 5883.109604 / 4356.31
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 4.35 3.56 4.87 4.76 6.43
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)219 - 1.614" / 41219 - 1.811" / 46231 - 1.614" / 41
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)12.80 / 3.9012.96 / 3.9512.80 / 3.90
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)96.66 / 8.9896.34 / 8.9597.95 / 9.10
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)24.43 / 2.2724.97 / 2.3224.43 / 2.2724.75 / 2.3021.52 / 2
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1280 / 118.931280 / 118.911346 / 1251344 / 124.901219 / 113.30
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1280 / 118.931280 / 118.911346 / 1251344 / 124.901219 / 113.30
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume207.99181.77218.71218.39361.62
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation41804599418043073744
Same as above plus superheater percentage41804599418043073744
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area16,53917,74616,759
Power L1563052926567
Power MT399.29372.09465.75

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