Saechsischen 4-4-0 Locomotives in Germany


Class Details by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media

Class VIII 2 - 101 / BR 13.70 (Locobase 9070)

Data from Christian Lindecke [link] (13 January 2008), supplemented by [link], last accessed 14 May 2011. (Thanks to Claus Gaertner for his 17 March 2021 email providing the proper transliteration of the builder's name.)

This design was based on the Prussian State Railways cross-compound S 2, but adopted simple expansion. Wikipedia's account shows that several different boiler layouts contributed to a variety of heating surface areas over the years. The class was superheated in 1913.

This set was followed three years later by a slightly larger version; see Locobase 9071.


Class VIII 2 - 111 / BR 13.70 (Locobase 9071)

Data from Christian Lindecke [link] (13 January 2008). (Thanks to Claus Gaertner for his 17 March 2021 email providing the proper transliteration of the builder's name.)

After the first ten VIII 2s were delivered (Locobase 9070), the Saxon State Railways revised the design slightly to allow for higher boiler pressures and, consequently, more tractive effort. Fewer tubes filled the boiler and the engine weighed slightly less.

The first of this sub-class was SSchsische Maschinenfabrik's 2,000th locomotive, which accounts for its unusual name - Zweitausend. (Other locomotives in the class were named for European capitals and major cities.)

Two years after these entered service, Saxon State ordered a two-cylinder compound version; see Locobase 14736.

Of the ten in this group, five went into the DRG when it formed in 1925 as BR 13 7008-70012. These small passenger engines were clearly outmatched by the trains of the 20th Century's third decade and the class was retired by 1928.


Class VIII V 1 - 1897 / BR 13.71 (Locobase 9075)

Data from Christian Lindecke [link] (13 January 2008).

At the same time the SStEB was producing the first of its large class of low-drivered passenger engines, it was adding to its stock of cross-compound express engines. Each was built to a slightly different spec, but all had the Belpaire firebox and Heusinger valve gear.

See Locobase 9074 for the first sub-batch and 9076 for the last one sub-batches.

The first 2 batches were taken into the DRG in 1925 as BR 13 71s.


Class VIII V 1 - 1900 / BR 13.15 (Locobase 9076)

Data from Christian Lindecke [link] (13 January 2008), supplemented by [link], last accessed 13 May 2011.

The last batch of compound express engines in the VIII V1 class had more cylinder volume, a bigger boiler, and taller drivers. But it retained the Belpaire firebox and the Heusinger valve. gear.

See Locobase 9074-9075 for the first two sub-batches.

This last batch was sufficiently different from the earlier two that it constituted its own Baureihe subclass when the DRG took over the railroads in 1925.


Class VIII V2 - 1st batch / BR 36.9 (Locobase 9072)

Wikipedia; see also OS Nock (RWC III, pl 142), supplemented by [link], last accessed 14 May 2011. These were built by SSchsische Maschinenfabrik as well as Esslingen and Linke-Hoffmann.

This big class of 2'Bs were well-suited to the Saxon hills and were produced in quantity over a 5-year period in three batches. This first set of 20 introduced the basic cross-compound design, but was smaller and less powerful than its later, younger siblings. Locobases 9073 and 2677 show the later batches.

Taken into the DRG in 1923 as 36 901-919/36 921-948/36 951-1014


Class VIII V2 - 2nd batch / BR 36.9 (Locobase 9073)

Data from Christian Lindecke [link] (26 Dec 2003) and Wikipedia; see also OS Nock (RWC III, pl 142). These were built by SSchsische Maschinenfabrik as well as Esslingen and Linke-Hoffmann.

Quickly realizing that the basic design of this low-drivered, cross-compound passenger engine (Locobase 9072) could be upgraded in power, the Saxon State Railways introduced larger cylinders in the 21st locomotive and built 30 altogether before producing the definitive design shown in Locobase 2677.

Taken into the DRG in 1923 as 36 901-919/36 921-948/36 951-1014


Class VIII V2 - 3rd batch / BR 36.9 (Locobase 2677)

Data from Christian Lindecke [link] (26 Dec 2003) and Wikipedia; see also OS Nock (RWC III, pl 142). These were built by SSchsische Maschinenfabrik as well as Esslingen and Linke-Hoffmann.

Once the Saxon State Railways concluded that it had a solid design in a cross-compound , mountain-scaled-drivered passenger engine (see Locobases 9072 & 9073), it enlarged the boiler and firebox. At the same time, boiler pressure increased by a bar (about 14 1/2 psi). Almost 70 of these engines were produced in a short period.

As such it was one of the biggest 4-4-0s on the Germany railway network, although it had a relatively small grate, and certainly had one of the smallest driver diameters for a passenger engine.

Taken into the DRG in 1923 as 36 901-919/36 921-948/36 951-1014

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
ClassVIII 2 - 101 / BR 13.70VIII 2 - 111 / BR 13.70VIII V 1 - 1897 / BR 13.71VIII V 1 - 1900 / BR 13.15VIII V2 - 1st batch / BR 36.9
Locobase ID9070 9071 9075 9076 9072
RailroadSaechsischen (Saxon) Staats-EisenbahnenSaechsischen (Saxon) Staats-EisenbahnenSaechsischen (Saxon) Staats-EisenbahnenSaechsischen (Saxon) Staats-EisenbahnenSaechsischen (Saxon) Staats-Eisenbahnen
CountryGermanyGermanyGermanyGermanyGermany
Whyte4-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-0
Number in Class1010101220
Road Numbers101-110 / BR 13 7001-BR 13 7-10111-120519-538
GaugeStdStdStdStdStd
Number Built1010101220
BuilderSaechsische MaschinenfabrikSaechsische MaschinenfabrikHartmannHartmannseveral
Year18911894189719001896
Valve GearAllanAllanHeusingerHeusingerHeusinger
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m) 4.59 / 1.40 4.59 / 1.40 7.87 / 2.40
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)22.15 / 6.7522.15 / 6.7522.31 / 6.8022.31 / 6.8021.65 / 6.60
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.21 0.21 0.35
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)43.59 / 13.2944.77 / 13.6448.56 / 14.8045.60 / 13.90
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)30,865 / 14,00030,644 / 13,90035,274 / 16,00035,274 / 16,00031,967 / 14,500
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)61,729 / 28,00061,288 / 27,80068,343 / 31,00069,666 / 31,60064,154 / 29,100
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)108,908 / 49,400106,263 / 48,200119,711 / 54,300125,222 / 56,800109,129 / 49,500
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)3168 / 123168 / 125544 / 215544 / 21
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT) 5.50 / 5 5.50 / 5 5.50 / 5 7.70 / 7
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)51 / 25.5051 / 25.5057 / 28.5058 / 2953 / 26.50
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)73.80 / 187573.80 / 187574.20 / 188575 / 190562.60 / 1590
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)174 / 1200174 / 1200174 / 1200188.50 / 1300174 / 1200
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)17.32" x 23.62" / 440x60017.32" x 23.62" / 440x60017.32" x 24.8" / 440x630 (1)18.9" x 24.8" / 480x630 (1)17.32" x 23.62" / 440x600 (1)
Low Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)26.77" x 24.8" / 680x630 (1)27.56" x 24.8" / 700x630 (1)25.59" x 23.62" / 650x600 (1)
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)14,200 / 6441.0214,200 / 6441.0210,453 / 4741.4112,872 / 5838.6511,481 / 5207.70
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 4.35 4.32 6.54 5.41 5.59
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)192 - 1.772" / 45220 - 1.575" / 40212 - 1.575" / 40239 - 1.575" / 40216 - 1.575" / 40
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)13.22 / 4.0313.29 / 4.0513.22 / 4.0313.22 / 4.0312.47 / 3.80
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)110.07 / 10.23110.87 / 10.30110.61 / 10.28119.16 / 11.07144.18 / 13.40
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)25.07 / 2.3325.08 / 2.3324.75 / 2.3024.76 / 2.3020.12 / 1.87
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1286 / 119.481309 / 121.601264 / 117.511388 / 128.931207 / 112.17
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1286 / 119.481309 / 121.601264 / 117.511388 / 128.931207 / 112.17
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume199.66203.23373.81344.72374.79
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation43624364430746673501
Same as above plus superheater percentage43624364430746673501
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area19,15219,29119,24622,46225,087
Power L161026192484054604978
Power MT435.86445.47312.26345.57342.13

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
ClassVIII V2 - 2nd batch / BR 36.9VIII V2 - 3rd batch / BR 36.9
Locobase ID9073 2677
RailroadSaechsischen (Saxon) Staats-EisenbahnenSaechsischen (Saxon) Staats-Eisenbahnen
CountryGermanyGermany
Whyte4-4-04-4-0
Number in Class3068
Road Numbers539-568569-636
GaugeStdStd
Number Built3068
Builderseveralseveral
Year18971900
Valve GearHeusingerHeusinger
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m)
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m) / 6.60
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m) / 13.90
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)33,290 / 15,10035,274 / 16,000
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)66,580 / 30,20070,548 / 32,000
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)113,758 / 51,600120,152 / 54,500
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML) / 21
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT) / 7
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)55 / 27.5059 / 29.50
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)62.60 / 159062.60 / 1590
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)174 / 1200188.50 / 1300
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)18.11" x 23.62" / 460x600 (1)18.11" x 23.62" / 460x600 (1)
Low Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)26.77" x 23.62" / 680x600 (1)26.77" x 23.62" / 680x600 (1)
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)12,556 / 5695.3113,602 / 6169.77
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 5.30 5.19
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm) / 40254 - 1.575" / 40
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)12.47 / 3.8012.47 / 3.80
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)144.18 / 13.40167.86 / 15.60
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)20.12 / 1.8720.12 / 1.87
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1206 / 112.101407 / 130.77
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1206 / 112.101407 / 130.77
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume342.52399.61
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation35013793
Same as above plus superheater percentage35013793
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area25,08731,642
Power L145475742
Power MT301.12358.87

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