Data from Sekon, G A (George Augustus Nokes), The Evolution of the Steam Locomotive (1803 to 1898), 2nd Edition (London: The Railway Publishing Co., 1899), p. 45 and [] and [
]), both accessed 23 January 2009.
There's not much data to be had about this very first locomotive to run in southern England. It was Stephenson's 24th locomotive - produced on payment of 635 pounds - one that did not set the pattern for later engines. For one thing, it had but one flue and that was 20" in diameter. Steeply inclined cylinders surmounted the leading axle which was inside-connected to the rear axle; the latter was the driven axle. There was no footboard; instead, the driver stood on a running board over the rear driver, thus placing himself in the same position that camelback drivers would occupy 60 years later.
Invicta set out on her first trip on 3 May 1830 but her small size meant she did not remain active for long . She was retired in 1839, but could not be sold. Fortunately, no one came forward to buy her and she was stored instead. Even after the South Eastern took over the C & W, the locomotive rested in the back of the shed and thus was available to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Stephenson's Locomotion. From then on, Invicta's preservation was essentially guaranteed.
(Further note on the C & W: Under South Eastern's management, the branch became known as the Crab & Winkle Line, testament most likely to the abundance of shellfish.)
Data from John Wilton Cuninghame Haldane, Railway Engineering, Mechanical and Electrical (London: E & FN Spon, Ltd, 1897)
Very similar to the 18"-gauge Lancashire & Yorkshire works engines (Locobase 9959) thes had slightly more cylinder volume and heating surface, slightly less grate. Haldane considered that: "The great usefulness of the 18" gauge track at the Crewe Works may be gathered from the fact that it most efficiently acts as an auxiliary to the five miles of standard gauge line spread over the whole area of that colossal establishment, as well as indispensably in other places of lesser degree."
Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media | ||
---|---|---|
Class | Invicta | unknown |
Locobase ID | 9915 | 9963 |
Railroad | Canterbury & Whitstable | Crewe works |
Country | Great Britain | Great Britain |
Whyte | 0-4-0 | 0-4-0T |
Number in Class | 1 | 1 |
Road Numbers | ||
Gauge | Std | 18 in |
Number Built | 1 | 1 |
Builder | Robert Stephenson & Co | |
Year | 1830 | 1888 |
Valve Gear | ||
Locomotive Length and Weight | ||
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m) | 3 / 0.91 | |
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m) | 3 / 0.91 | |
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase | 1 | |
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m) | 3 / 0.91 | |
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg) | ||
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg) | 14,000 / 6350 | |
Engine Weight (lbs / kg) | 14,000 / 6350 | |
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg) | ||
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg) | ||
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML) | 32 / 0.12 | |
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT) | ||
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m) | 12 / 6 | |
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort | ||
Driver Diameter (in / mm) | 48 / 1219 | 16.30 / 414 |
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa) | 50 / 280 | 160 / 1100 |
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm) | 10.5" x 18" / 267x457 | 5.25" x 6" / 133x152 |
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg) | 1757 / 796.96 | 1380 / 625.96 |
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) | 7.97 | |
Heating Ability | ||
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm) | ||
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm) | ||
Flue/Tube length (ft / m) | 8.12 | |
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2) | ||
Grate Area (sq ft / m2) | 1.50 / 0.14 | |
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2) | 192 / 17.84 | 58 / 5.39 |
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2) | ||
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2) | 192 / 17.84 | 58 / 5.39 |
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume | 106.43 | 385.82 |
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information) | ||
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation | 240 | |
Same as above plus superheater percentage | 240 | |
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area | ||
Power L1 | ||
Power MT |