Chicago & Alton / Saint Louis, Peoria & Northern 4-4-0 "American" Locomotives in the USA


Class Details by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media

Class 168/D6 (Locobase 10268)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange. Works numbers were 1148-1151, 1153, 1155 in August 1879.

A quintet of American-type Eight-wheelers, this class broke no new ground in mixed-traffic design. As delivered,, the engines' 18" cylinders may have overmatched the small boiler and apparently prompted a cylinder volume reduction to 17" diameter cylinders. Reducing the 64" driver diameters didn't offset much of the tractive effort loss.

After 20 years, the C&A sold the modified 171 to the Texarkana Shreveport & Natchez as their #7. It later moved onto the Texas & Pacific roster and doubled its road number to 14.

169 also found a buyer in the new Maricopa, Phoenix & Salt River Valley, which bestowed road #1 on their acquisition. Taken into the Arizona Eastern in 1907, the 1 became 77. The ferro-knacker claimed it for scrap in June 1917.

As late as 1920, however, C&A diagrams showed the 170 equipped to deliver steam heat (possibly another reason to reduce cylinder diameter) and equipped with electric headlights.


Class 28/D5 (Locobase 10267)

Data from C & A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange. See also DeGolyer, Volume 21, p. 120. Works numbers were 15679-15680 in January 1898, and 15898 in May 1898. See Locobase 7005 for the Peoria Short Line's history.

These Eight-wheelers were typical late 19th century local passenger engines with deep, narrow fireboxes. 30 was delivered with crystal plate-glass cab windows, glass-covered number plates, and a special finish (D 158) as it was headed for the 1898 Trans-Mississippi Exposition at Omaha in July, where it was displayed with seven other new locomotives.

They traveled under Peoria Short Line colors for about two years wowhen that financially troubled system was sold to both the Illinois Central and the Chicago & Alton. As the Alton's D-5s, they operated for another 25-30 years before being scrapped in 1927 (15898), and February 1929.


Class 54 (Locobase 6130)

Data from 1918 USRA diagram book of L&A locomotives supplied by Allen Stanley in March 2004.

The Alton occasionally built its own locomotives and this American-type Eight-wheeler was one of 33 produced before the turn of the century into the 20th Century. (L&A's diagram shows a builder's date of 1896, but that seems to be when the Arkansas road bought the engine.)

L&A's diagram shows a boiler pressure of 87 psi (6.0 bar) and a factor of adhesion calculated on that figure. Locobase can't figure how such a low figure would be tolerated; this entry's spec shows a value more in keeping with other C&A engines.

The 106 went to the ferro-knacker in December 1922.


Class D Odd (Locobase 9091)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange.

One of the three 1879 Eight-wheelers shown in Locobase 9090, this Eight-wheeler was rebuilt as a purely passenger engine with 70" drivers. It's likely to have include replacement of the original boiler as it weighed 9 short tons (8,165 kg) more than the originals.


Class D Odd (Locobase 9090)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange. Works numbers were 1124, 1126, 1128 in May 1879.

The trio of 1879 Schenectady engines of the four. Locobase 9091 shows a rebuilt 167 with taller drivers and substantially greater weight.


Class D1 / D1a (Locobase 7367)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange.

These Eight-wheelers showed up in the 1918 diagram book. They came from several sources. 20 was a home-built that apparently remained unchanged through its career. Schenectady supplied 56 and 215 in 1883 to the same design.


Class D1C (Locobase 7368)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange. Works numbers were 1747-1752 in September 1883.

Delivered a few years after the D1A (Locobase 7367), this Eight-wheeler class was delivered with 60" (1,524 mm) drivers and pressure set to 150 psi (10.3 bar). When they were rebuilt later, they rolled on the 64" drivers shown in the specs and had boilers pressed to a higher degree.


Class D2 (Locobase 7369)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange.

In June 1880, the Alton's shops turned out eight Eight-wheelers with freight-service driver diameters of 60". Over the years, several of the class were rebuilt, one of which was 207. This particular engine had more of a passenger feel to it. Even after the rebuild, the 207's boiler was smaller than many of the 1880s 4-4-0s on the railroad while the firebox stayed the same size. There was also more weight on the drivers and overall.


Class D2A (Locobase 7370)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange.

Predating the D2 (Locobase 7369) by 2 years (which suggests a retrospective classification), this shop-built locomotive had a big boiler and seems to have been based on the 1880 Schenectady engine shown in Locobase 7368. One significant difference is the taller drivers.


Class D2B (Locobase 7371)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange. Works numbers were 1762-1766 in August 1883.

This was another of the C & A's Eight-wheelers that was built to the same basic specs over a three-five year period in the 1880s by Schenectady and the shops.


Class D2C (Locobase 7372)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange.

Delivered in the same year as the D1C (Locobase 7367), this Eight-wheeler was identical to the Schenectady-built engine except for its taller drivers.


Class D3 (Locobase 7373)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange.

Looking more like modern Eight-wheelers, this shop-built quartet included a larger boiler and grate than earlier C & A 4-4-0s. As they were upgraded over the years, the 107 received a new boiler with fewer (192) tubes


Class D3A (Locobase 10269)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange.

In the same year that the C&A produced two rather large Eight-wheelers (Locobase 7373) they delivered this single engine with fewer tubes in the same boiler, but a larger, deeper firebox.


Class D3B (Locobase 10270)

Data from C&A 6 - 1918 Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive Rail Data Exchange.

Locobase suspects that the building date of 1905 represents the year that the C & A overhauled an older locomotive. Perhaps they replaced an older boiler with a new one of similar size, but a more modern configuration.


Class D7C (Locobase 3926)

Data from "New Alton Locomotives", Railway Age, Volume 28 (29 December 1899), pp. 973-974; and "Chicago & Alton Eight-Wheel Passenger Locomotive", Railroad Gazette, Volume XXXII, No 1 (8 January 1900), pp. 8-9. Builder info from B.Rumary, 25 Kingscombe, Gurney Slade, Radstock, BA3 4TH, ENGLAND and Jeremy Lambert as supplied by Allen Stanley in March 2004. Works numbers were 3368-3379, produced in November-December 1899.

The Alton had recently introduced day-service between Chicago and St. Louis on a leisurely schedule of 7 hours, 59 minutes southbound (13 stops), 7 hours 54 minutes northbound (15 stops) for the 284 miles (457 km). The train, designed to Pullman standards, had six cars including a postal car.

Features of the design, according to Railroad Gazette were the use of 10" (254 mm) piston valves and cast steel in many components. Visually they had a characteristic eyebrow dormer on each side of the cab roof, cab windows with broad arches, and were painted maroon. They had the typical high running board, spoked drivers and pony truck wheels of the turn-of-the-century American locomotive.

Rumary-Lambert report that the class was delivered with 19 1/2" diameter cylinders that were soon bored out to 20" and some were later fitted with 19" cylinders. The data in the spec, however, comes from the RG account, which was published at the time of their construction.

Drury (1993) comments that these "elegant" locomotives soon proved insufficiently powerful for the passenger service they hauled. Most were scrapped in a single year - 1933.

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
Class168/D628/D554D OddD Odd
Locobase ID10268 10267 6130 9091 9090
RailroadChicago & Alton (C&A)Saint Louis, Peoria & Northern (C&A)Chicago & AltonChicago & Alton (C&A)Chicago & Alton (C&A)
CountryUSAUSAUSAUSAUSA
Whyte4-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-0
Number in Class53113
Road Numbers168-17228-30/109-11154167165-167
GaugeStdStdStdStdStd
Number Built5313
BuilderSchenectadyBurnham, Williams & CoChicago & AltonC&ASchenectady
Year1879189818931879
Valve GearStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephenson
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m) 8.50 / 2.59 8.08 / 2.46 8.67 / 2.64 8.67 / 2.64 8.67 / 2.64
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)22.98 / 723.92 / 7.2923.17 / 7.0622.92 / 6.9923.10 / 7.04
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.37 0.34 0.37 0.38 0.38
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)44.31 / 13.5147.75 / 14.5547.50 / 14.4847.60 / 14.5147.06 / 14.34
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)28,500 / 12,927
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)53,200 / 24,13175,100 / 34,06557,000 / 25,85560,300 / 27,352
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)84,000 / 38,102115,800 / 52,52690,000 / 40,823103,500 / 46,94784,000 / 38,102
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)79,150 / 35,90276,000 / 34,47366,800 / 30,30090,600 / 41,09690,600 / 41,096
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)163,150 / 74,004191,800 / 86,999156,800 / 71,123194,100 / 88,043174,600 / 79,198
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)3500 / 13.264000 / 15.152500 / 9.474500 / 17.054500 / 17.05
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT)7 / 68 / 7.307 / 67 / 6
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)44 / 2263 / 31.5048 / 2450 / 25
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)63 / 160070 / 177863 / 160070 / 177864 / 1626
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)150 / 1030180 / 1240165 / 1240165 / 1140165 / 1140
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)17" x 24" / 432x61018" x 24" / 457x61017" x 24" / 432x61018" x 24" / 457x61018" x 24" / 457x610
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)14,037 / 6367.0816,996 / 7709.2715,441 / 7003.9315,580 / 7066.9817,040 / 7729.22
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 3.79 4.42 3.69 3.87
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)173 - 2" / 51245 - 2" / 51161 - 2" / 51205 - 2" / 51205 - 2" / 51
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)11.58 / 3.5311.67 / 3.5611.50 / 3.5111.54 / 3.5211.54 / 3.52
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)102.60 / 9.54154.80 / 14.38110 / 10.2297.50 / 9.0697.50 / 9.06
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)16.80 / 1.5618.50 / 1.7216 / 1.4917.10 / 1.5917.10 / 1.59
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1144 / 106.321646 / 152.921072 / 99.591325 / 123.141325 / 123.14
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1144 / 106.321646 / 152.921072 / 99.591325 / 123.141325 / 123.14
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume181.30232.81169.89187.41187.41
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation25203330264028222822
Same as above plus superheater percentage25203330264028222822
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area15,39027,86418,15016,08816,088
Power L141367188445349354512
Power MT342.79422.02344.46360.86

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
ClassD1 / D1aD1CD2D2AD2B
Locobase ID7367 7368 7369 7370 7371
RailroadChicago & Alton (C&A)Chicago & Alton (C&A)Chicago & Alton (C&A)Chicago & Alton (C&A)Chicago & Alton (C&A)
CountryUSAUSAUSAUSAUSA
Whyte4-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-0
Number in Class16111
Road Numbers20, 56, 215214-21920713741
GaugeStdStdStdStdStd
Number Built16111
BuilderseveralSchenectadyChicago & AltonChicago & AltonSchenectady
Year18801883188318811883
Valve GearStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephenson
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m) 8.67 / 2.64 8.67 / 2.64 8.67 / 2.64 8.67 / 2.64 8.67 / 2.64
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)23.11 / 7.0423.15 / 7.0623.02 / 7.0223.02 / 7.0223.02 / 7.02
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.38 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.38
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)44.56 / 13.5847.31 / 14.4244.52 / 13.5744.52 / 13.5744.52 / 13.57
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)54,600 / 24,76660,400 / 27,39762,900 / 28,53157,400 / 26,03659,000 / 26,762
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)88,600 / 40,18898,100 / 44,497102,000 / 46,26692,000 / 41,73193,200 / 42,275
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)79,150 / 35,90290,600 / 41,09697,000 / 43,99979,150 / 35,90279,150 / 35,902
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)167,750 / 76,090188,700 / 85,593199,000 / 90,265171,150 / 77,633172,350 / 78,177
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)3500 / 13.264500 / 17.054500 / 17.053500 / 13.263500 / 13.26
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT)7 / 67 / 68 / 77 / 67 / 6
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)46 / 2350 / 2552 / 2648 / 2449 / 24.50
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)63 / 160064 / 162670 / 177870 / 177864 / 1626
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)150 / 1030165 / 1140160 / 1100165 / 1140165 / 1140
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)17" x 24" / 432x61017" x 24" / 432x61018" x 24" / 457x61017" x 24" / 432x61017" x 24" / 432x610
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)14,037 / 6367.0815,200 / 6894.6115,108 / 6852.8813,897 / 6303.5815,200 / 6894.61
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 3.89 3.97 4.16 4.13 3.88
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)180 - 2" / 51205 - 2" / 51156 - 2" / 51204 - 2" / 51204 - 2" / 51
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)11.58 / 3.5311.54 / 3.5211.47 / 3.5011.50 / 3.5111.50 / 3.51
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)90 / 8.3697.50 / 9.06127.50 / 11.8589.80 / 8.3589.80 / 8.35
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)17.20 / 1.6017.20 / 1.6017.10 / 1.5917.10 / 1.5917.10 / 1.59
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1225 / 113.851325 / 123.141058 / 98.331309 / 121.651301 / 120.91
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1225 / 113.851325 / 123.141058 / 98.331309 / 121.651301 / 120.91
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume194.14209.98149.65207.45206.18
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation25802838273628222822
Same as above plus superheater percentage25802838273628222822
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area13,50016,08820,40014,81714,817
Power L141815055447753634881
Power MT337.64369.02313.83411.96364.77

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
ClassD2CD3D3AD3BD7C
Locobase ID7372 7373 10269 10270 3926
RailroadChicago & Alton (C&A)Chicago & Alton (C&A)Chicago & Alton (C&A)Chicago & Alton (C&A)Chicago & Alton (C&A)
CountryUSAUSAUSAUSAUSA
Whyte4-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-04-4-0
Number in Class141212
Road Numbers5547, 53, 96-97/105-108107116-117500-511
GaugeStdStdStdStdStd
Number Built141212
BuilderChicago & AltonChicago & AltonChicago & AltonChicago & AltonBrooks
Year18811892189219051899
Valve GearStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephenson
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m) 8.67 / 2.64 9.17 / 2.80 9.17 / 2.80 9.17 / 2.80 8.75 / 2.67
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)23.15 / 7.0623.52 / 7.1723.52 / 7.1723.52 / 7.1724.83 / 7.57
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.37 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.35
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)47.31 / 14.4248.27 / 14.7145.02 / 13.7245.15 / 13.76
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)60,400 / 27,39764,000 / 29,03061,300 / 27,80590,500 / 41,050
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)98,100 / 44,49799,200 / 44,99699,200 / 44,996100,300 / 45,495139,000 / 63,049
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)90,600 / 41,09690,600 / 41,09687,000 / 39,46387,000 / 39,463120,000 / 54,431
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)188,700 / 85,593189,800 / 86,092186,200 / 84,459187,300 / 84,958259,000 / 117,480
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)4500 / 17.054500 / 17.054000 / 15.154000 / 15.156000 / 22.73
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT)7 / 67 / 68 / 78 / 712 / 11
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)50 / 2553 / 26.5051 / 25.5075 / 37.50
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)70 / 177870 / 177870 / 177864 / 162673 / 1854
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)165 / 1140180 / 1240165 / 1140160 / 1100210 / 1450
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)17" x 24" / 432x61018" x 24" / 457x61018" x 24" / 457x61018" x 24" / 457x61019" x 26" / 483x660
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)13,897 / 6303.5816,996 / 7709.2715,580 / 7066.9816,524 / 7495.1722,951 / 10410.41
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 4.35 4.11 3.71 3.94
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)205 - 2" / 51245 - 2" / 51192 - 2" / 51150 - 2" / 51306 - 2" / 51
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)11.54 / 3.5211.48 / 3.5011.48 / 3.5011.45 / 3.4912.61 / 3.84
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)97.50 / 9.06132.40 / 12.30146 / 13.57115 / 10.69177 / 16.45
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)17.10 / 1.5918.50 / 1.7218.50 / 1.7217.10 / 1.5931.80 / 2.96
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1325 / 123.141592 / 147.901200 / 111.521045 / 97.122177 / 202.32
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1325 / 123.141592 / 147.901200 / 111.521045 / 97.122177 / 202.32
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume209.98225.18169.73147.81255.22
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation28223330305327366678
Same as above plus superheater percentage28223330305327366678
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area16,08823,83224,09018,40037,170
Power L155296695525539119172
Power MT403.62362.04281.31446.87

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