Detroit & Mackinac 4-6-0 "Ten-Wheeler" Locomotives in the USA


Class Details by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media

Class 22 (Locobase 12353)

Data from Baldwin Locomotive Works Specification for Engines as digitized by the DeGolyer Library of Southern Methodist University Vol 22, p. 115. See also Michigan Railroads on line, especially Irl Baguley, Auditor, Detroit, Caro & Southern and his account in [link] (for the ) and the D & M home page. Works number was 16903-16904 in July 1899, 18078 in August 1900, and 18084 in September.

The D & M took its name in 1894 following a reorganization of the bankrupt Detroit, Bay City & Alpena. Starting from Bay City at the curve of the thumb, the line followed the Lake Huron coastline 131 miles north to Alpena. A year later, the D & M took over the Alpena & Northern which extended the coastal route another 65 miles to Cheboygan.

Photographs show an upright, relatively short-coupled design. Although 6 locomotives of essentially identical design formed the class,, wheel diameter separates this mixed-traffic quartet from the frankly freight pair in Locobase 12354.

131, 134-135 later operated on the Detroit, Caro & Sandusky as 17 and 134-135. The DC & S represented a 1925 re-organization of the bankrupt Detroit, Bay City & Western and extended southeast from Bay City to Fargo. (The DC & S didn't have the money to rebuild the wooden trestle over Mill Creek south of


Class 27 (Locobase 12354)

Data from Baldwin Locomotive Works Specification for Engines as digitized by the DeGolyer Library of Southern Methodist University Vol 22, p. 115. Works number was 19963-19964 in January 1902.

See Locobase 12353 for a history of the D & M and the Detroit, Caro &

Southern. Built to the same design as the previous 4 Ten-wheelers, this pair had much smaller drivers and were thus dedicated to freight service.

135 later was sold to the DC & S, but retained its number.

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
Class2227
Locobase ID12353 12354
RailroadDetroit & MackinacDetroit & Mackinac
CountryUSAUSA
Whyte4-6-04-6-0
Number in Class64
Road Numbers22-25, 27-28 / 131-134, 136, 13527-28 / 135-136
GaugeStdStd
Number Built64
BuilderBurnham, Williams & CoBurnham, Williams & Co
Year18991899
Valve GearStephensonStephenson
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m)11.67 / 3.5611.67 / 3.56
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)21.92 / 6.6821.92 / 6.68
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.53 0.53
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)90,000 / 40,82387,850 / 39,848
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)120,000 / 54,431115,750 / 52,503
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)75,000 / 34,019
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)195,000 / 88,450
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)3500 / 13.264000 / 15.15
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT)
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)50 / 2549 / 24.50
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)65 / 165150 / 1270
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)180 / 1240180 / 1240
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)18" x 24" / 457x61018" x 24" / 457x610
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)18,304 / 8302.5623,795 / 10793.24
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 4.92 3.69
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)218 - 2" / 51218 - 2" / 51
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)12.42 / 3.7912.42 / 3.79
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)132.10 / 12.28132.10 / 12.28
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)22.80 / 2.1222.80 / 2.12
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1539 / 143.031539 / 143.03
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)1539 / 143.031539 / 143.03
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume217.68217.68
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation41044104
Same as above plus superheater percentage41044104
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area23,77823,778
Power L160674667
Power MT445.85351.36

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