Graves Lumber Company / Gray Lumber Company 4-6-0 "Ten-Wheeler" Locomotives in the USA


Class Details by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media

Class 10 (Locobase 13892)

Data from Baldwin Locomotive Works Specification for Engines as digitized by the DeGolyer Library of Southern Methodist University, Volume 41, p. 9. Works numbers were 28395 in June 1906 and 38474 in October 1912.

Regardless of the detailed calculations described below, these Ten-wheelers can be more easily described as typical logging 4-6-0s.

When the Gray Lumber tracks were abandoned in 1917, the 10 went briefly to the Tidewater & Western, then to the Ohio River & Western as their #4. The OR & W was absorbed by the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1920 at which time the 4 was renumbered 9660 and dropped into the catchall G odd class.

It was scrapped in March 1933.

NB: Locobase 2024 shows the Pittsburgh & Western Ten-wheeler of 1890 and uses the specs from the earlier engine to estimate the surface areas of the wood-burning 4-6-0s delivered 16 and 22 years later.

Locobase derives the figures as follows: The tube areas were identical because the number, diameter, and length of that component in each locomotive was the same. The firebox area in the earlier engine is stated in its specs to be 70 sq ft. When Locobase compared the dimensions of the two firebox, he found the lengths and widths to be identical to the 16th of an inch. The heights given for the front and back of the firebox are exactly 3" higher in the later engine than in the earlier one. Calculating the area of the rectangle formed by the difference between the two heights x the length (3 sq ft, when both sides are added together) and adding that to the area of the difference of the front and back (2 sq ft) yields the number used in this entry's specs.


Class 11 (Locobase 12978)

Data from Baldwin Locomotive Works Specification for Engines as digitized by the DeGolyer Library of Southern Methodist University, Volume 30, p. 159.

The lightly built GLC could only manage the lightest locomotives and this 4-6-0 was one of the smallest of its wheel arrangement. When the Gray line closed in 1917, the 11 was sold to Virginia Lumber & Box Company.

[NB:Another Ten-wheeler built for the Gray Lumber Company in June 1906 (works number 28395) had very similar dimensions to the Pittsburgh & Western Mogul shown in Locobase 2024, including tube count and length and grate area. Baldwin did not calculate heating surfaces for either locomotive. There is no separate record for these engines because Locobase can only determine that the firebox height was several inches greater, but not the impact of that difference on firebox heating surface.]


Class 5 (Locobase 13951)

Data from Baldwin Locomotive Works Specification for Engines as digitized by the DeGolyer Library of Southern Methodist University Volume 43, p. 259. See also the Graves Brothers Company, [], last accessed 16 March 2012. Works number was 39323 in February 1913.

Typical wood-burning logging Prairie served this Hosford, Fla lumber company. Like many such employers, the Graves brothers built the town from scratch. All of the facilities were electrified and included workers' housing, company store, offices, and a hotel. By 1917, their railway included 30 miles (48 km) of logging road.

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media

Class10115
Locobase ID13892 12978 13951
RailroadGray Lumber CompanyGray Lumber CompanyGraves Lumber Company
CountryUSAUSAUSA
Whyte4-6-04-6-04-6-0
Number in Class211
Road Numbers10, 12115
Gauge3'3'Std
Number Built211
BuilderBaldwinBurnham, Williams & CoBaldwin
Year190619061908
Valve GearStephensonStephensonStephenson
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m)10.92 / 3.33 9.50 / 2.9013 / 3.96
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)19.42 / 5.9217.67 / 5.3924 / 7.32
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.56 0.54 0.54
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)43.21 / 13.1745.58 / 13.89
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)52,350 / 23,74645,000 / 20,41272,000 / 32,659
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)67,280 / 30,51858,000 / 26,308100,000 / 45,359
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)40,000 / 18,14440,000 / 18,14460,000 / 27,216
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)107,280 / 48,66298,000 / 44,452160,000 / 72,575
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)2000 / 7.581800 / 6.823000 / 11.36
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT)
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)29 / 14.5025 / 12.5040 / 20
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)44 / 111840 / 101646 / 1168
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)160 / 11160 / 11160 / 11
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)14" x 20" / 356x50813" x 18" / 330x45716" x 24" / 406x610
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)12,116 / 5495.7310,343 / 4691.5118,165 / 8239.52
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 4.32 4.35 3.96
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)132 - 2" / 51107 - 2" / 51211 - 2" / 51
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)10.69 / 3.2610 / 3.0511.87 / 3.62
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)75 / 6.9757.80 / 5.37107 / 9.94
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)11.80 / 1.10 9.80 / 0.9116 / 1.49
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)807 / 74.97614 / 57.061410 / 130.99
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)807 / 74.97614 / 57.061410 / 130.99
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume226.69221.66252.24
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation188815682560
Same as above plus superheater percentage188815682560
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area12,000924817,120
Power L1389634774268
Power MT492.22511.03392.05

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