Erie 2-8-4 "Berkshire" Type Locomotives

Class S-1 (Locobase 58)

Data from tables in 1930 Locomotive Cyclopedia and from Erie 7-1949-1 Loco Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Works numbers were 67491-67515.

Fireboxes had 107 sq ft of thermic syphons and 22 sq ft of arch tubes, boilers had feedwater heaters, valve motion operated 14" piston valves with 9" travel and had limited cutoff. The Erie S class had the greatest amount of heating surface of any Berkshires. They were also relatively high-drivered at 70 inches. By the end of steam, they had absolutely enormous tenders that weighed more than most locomotives.

Alfred W Bruce, Director of Steam Engineering at Alco, loved his Alco engines and these Berks proved no exception. Tossing a bone to Lima's ground-breaking 2-8-4s for the Boston & Albany, Bruce salutes the Eries by claiming it "showed almost unprecedented operational savings in service and firmly established the 284 [sic - Bruce never hyphenated a wheel arrangement] with conventional frame construction, long cutoffs and 69-70-in drivers with good counterbalancing. in fast freight service on many roads. This Erie was as outstanding an example of good engineering as was its predecessor the first 284 of the Boston & Albany." The Steam Locomotive in America - Its development in the twentieth century (New York: W W Norton, 1952) pp 306-307)

Class S-2 (Locobase 59)

Data from tables in 1930 Locomotive Cyclopedia and from Erie 7-1949-1 Loco Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Lima's works numbers were 7252-7276 in 1927.

Fireboxes had 107 sq ft of thermic syphons and 22 sq ft in 2 arch tubes, boilers had Worthington BL feedwater heaters, valve motion had limited cutoff. Ordered from Lima in the same year as the S-1s came from Alco. S-2s had a 2-ft longer engine wheelbase, a slightly greater tractive effort, and larger heating dimensions.

Unlike the Brooks S-1 (Locobase 58) and Baldwin S-3 (Locobase 60), the S-2s were run at 250 psi, but the Erie calculated their tractive effort at 60% cutoff and a 77.5% of MEP and credited the engines with 72,000 lb starting TE.

Starting out with a tender that held 16,500 gallons of water and 24 tons of coal, the S-2 eventually pulled the same big vehicle used by the other Erie Berks - it's shown in the specs.

Class S-3 (Locobase 60)

Data from tables in 1930 Locomotive Cyclopedia and from Erie 7-1949-1 Loco Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Works numbers wer 60558-60560 in July 1928; 60577-60580 in August, 60612, 60614-60621, 60634-60641 in September; 60645-60655 in October.

Fireboxes had 22 sq ft of arch tubes and 107 sq ft of thermic syphons contributing to their heating surface, boilers had feedwater heaters, valve motion operated 14" piston valves and had limited cutoff.

The S-3 (Baldwin) had the lower boiler pressure of the S-1 but the longer engine wheelbase of the S-2.

Class S-4 (Locobase 9242)

Data from tables in 1930 Locomotive Cyclopedia and from Erie 7-1949-1 Loco Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Lima's works numbers were 7379-7398 in 1929.

Fireboxes had 107 sq ft of thermic syphons and 22 sq ft in 2 arch tubes, boilers had Worthington BL feedwater heaters, valve motion had limited cutoff of the 14" piston valves, which had a maximum travel of 9".

Completed the set of 105 Berks ordered by the Erie with only a few changes. Like the other Limas (S-2; see Locobase 59), the S-4s were run at 250 psi, but the Erie calculated their tractive effort at 60% cutoff and a 77.5% of MEP and credited the engines with 72,000 lb starting TE.

Specifications
ClassS-1S-2S-3S-4
Locobase ID5859609242
RailroadErie (ERR)Erie (ERR)Erie (ERR)Erie (ERR)
Whyte2-8-42-8-42-8-42-8-4
Road Numbers3300-33243325-33493350-35843585-4404
GaugeStdStdStdStd
BuilderAlco-BrooksLimaBaldwinLima
Year1927192719281929
Valve GearBakerBakerBakerBaker
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase18.20'18.25'18.25'18.25'
Engine Wheelbase42'44'44'44'
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheebase 0.43 0.41 0.41 0.41
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender)86.17'86.60'91.55'91.54'
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle)71000 lbs70800 lbs71700 lbs72000 lbs
Weight on Drivers276000 lbs281000 lbs284670 lbs286500 lbs
Engine Weight443000 lbs457500 lbs457500 lbs468600 lbs
Tender Light Weight370450 lbs330000 lbs370450 lbs378000 lbs
Total Engine and Tender Weight813450 lbs787500 lbs827950 lbs846600 lbs
Tender Water Capacity20750 gals16500 gals20750 gals20800 gals
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal)27 tons24 tons27 tons28 tons
Minimum weight per yard of rail on which locomotive could run115 lb rail117 lb rail119 lb rail119 lb rail
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter70"70"70"70"
Boiler Pressure225 psi250 psi225 psi250 psi
Cylinders (dia x stroke)28.5" x 32"28.5" x 32"28.5" x 32"28.5" x 32"
Tractive Effort71014 lbs78904 lbs71014 lbs78904 lbs
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 3.89 3.56 4.01 3.63
Heating Ability
Firebox Area449 sq. ft448 sq. ft437 sq. ft449 sq. ft
Grate Area100 sq. ft100 sq. ft100 sq. ft100 sq. ft
Evaporative Heating Surface5699 sq. ft5697 sq. ft5691 sq. ft5695 sq. ft
Superheating Surface2480 sq. ft2480 sq. ft2480 sq. ft2545 sq. ft
Combined Heating Surface8179 sq. ft8177 sq. ft8171 sq. ft8240 sq. ft
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume241.20241.12240.86241.03
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation22500250002250025000
Same as above plus superheater percentage29250325002925032750
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area131333145600127823147048
Power L133623373513354838076
Power MT1074.291172.171039.251171.98

Reference

Credits

Introduction and specifications provided by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media.