2-8-2 Steam Locomotives in India

Madras & Southern Mahratta


Class Details by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media

Class 1000/HG (Locobase 15292)

Data from DeGolyer, Vol 72, pp. 343+. Works numbers were 57740-57741 in April 1924.

Piston valves measured 10" (254 mm) in diameter and the firebox had 17 sq ft (1.6 sq m) of arch tubes.. This pair of Mikados used exactly the same boiler and grate as the Pacifics shown in Locobase 15293.

They were put in class HG after the M&SM was folded into the Indian State in 1957.


Class XD/Standard Light Goods (Locobase 20281)

Data from "Six 'XD' Class 2-8-2 Locomotives for Madras and Southern Mahratta", Vulcan Magazine, (1948), archived at [], last accessed 24 August 2017; and "2-8-2 Locomotives, Madras & Southern Mahratta Railway,", Railway Gazette (UK) (26 July 1929), pp 151-152. See also [], last accessed 24 August 2017. Works numbers were 5744-5749 in 1948.

Part of a series of designs created in the mid-1920s to meet Indian railway requirements. Similar in basic layout to the larger XE (Locobase 4274), the XD's axle loading requirement set a cap on weights and thus the size of the major components. According to IRFCA, XD stood for "X Dominion" and 194 were produced. The 1929 RG reports describes an eleven-engine order produced by Armstrong Whitworth as works numbers 1005-1015 (M&SM road 853-863 in 1929.

Vulcan's 1948 article noted that this particular order originally was negotiated in March 1940, but hung fire for several years. By that time, Vulcan had delivered several batches of XDs, including four for the Nizam's State Railway in 1931 (works 4554-4557), three to the Southern Indian Railway in 1934 (works 4615-4617) , and four to the M&MS in 1938 (works 4775-4778).

When it was delivered in 1948, the class had the 24 sq ft (2.23 sq m) of the earlier engines, but poppet valve gear now delivered steam to the cylinders through piston valves.

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
Class1000/HGXD/Standard Light Goods
Locobase ID15292 20281
RailroadMadras & Southern MahrattaMadras & Southern Mahratta
CountryIndiaIndia
Whyte2-8-22-8-2
Number in Class217
Road Numbers1000-1001/37022-37023
Gauge5'6"5'6"
Number Built217
BuilderBaldwinVulcan Foundry
Year19241948
Valve GearWalschaertCaprotti
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m)16 / 4.8817.25 / 5.26
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)33.92 / 10.3435 / 10.67
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.47 0.49
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)62.92 / 19.1866.67 / 20.32
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)36,000 / 16,32938,080 / 22,500
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)144,000 / 65,317151,984 / 68,939
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)186,000 / 84,368219,296 / 99,471
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)142,980 / 64,855147,504 / 66,907
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)328,980 / 149,223366,800 / 166,378
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)6600 / 255400 / 20.45
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT)11 / 1014.55 / 13
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)60 / 3063 / 31.50
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)56.50 / 143561.50 / 1562
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)180 / 1240180 / 1240
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)22" x 28" / 559x71122.5" x 28" / 572x711
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)36,698 / 16645.9535,265 / 15995.95
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 3.92 4.31
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)114 - 2.25" / 57116 - 2.25" / 57
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)24 - 5.5" / 14026 - 5.5" / 140
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)20.50 / 6.2518.46 / 5.63
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)168 / 15.61214 / 19.88
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)48 / 4.4645 / 4.18
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)2245 / 208.572165 / 201.14
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)612 / 56.86540 / 50.17
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)2857 / 265.432705 / 251.31
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume182.24168.02
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation86408100
Same as above plus superheater percentage10,4549720
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area36,59046,224
Power L111,82311,591
Power MT724.03672.54

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