4-4-4 Steam Locomotives in Germany

Prussian State


Class Details by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media

Class Altona 561 (Locobase 2474)

Data from Christian Lindecke [] (21 November 2004); and "Prussian S 9 Altona 561 and 562", loco-info.com at [], last accessed 22 November 2025. (Thanks to Alexander Blessing for his 10 September 2019 email noting the tender's coal and water capacities.) Henschel works numbers were 6260-6261 in 1904.

As described in [], last accessed 22 November 2025, and attributed to Jan-Martin Hertzsch, these two engines, known as Altona 561 and Altona 562 placed the engineer's cab ahead of the boiler. (It's difficult to picture the two-cab layout without an illustration.) The outside cylinders drove the second axle and operated in the same cycle while the center cylinder drove the first and was set with a 90-degree lead over the other two.

Although 562 reached 85 mph (137 kph) with a 109 ton train, these engines were not successful, probably because of the malproportioned compounding ratio. Loco-info supplied more detail on the pair's shortcomings: "During the tests with the first locomotive, one quickly came to the realization that the expectations could not be met. The locomotive had about 1,400 hp, with which the 109-tonne train with three cars could be accelerated to 128 to 137 km/h [79.5-85 mph] on different runs." But possibly the death knell sounded when, as loco-info reports, "With a train that was twice as long and weighing 224 tonnes, it took more than ten minutes to reach the 110 km/h [68.3 mph] mark and the maximum speed was 118 km/h [73.3 mph]".

Principal Dimensions by Steve Llanso of Middle Run Media
ClassAltona 561
Locobase ID2474
RailroadPrussian State
CountryGermany
Whyte4-4-4
Number in Class2
Road Numbers561-562
GaugeStd
Number Built2
BuilderHenschel & Sohn
Year1904
Valve GearWalschaert
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase (ft / m) 8.37 / 2.55
Engine Wheelbase (ft / m)40.69 / 12.40
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheelbase 0.21
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender) (ft / m)81.43 / 24.82
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle) (lbs / kg)37,479 / 17,000
Weight on Drivers (lbs / kg)80,689 / 36,600
Engine Weight (lbs / kg)197,313 / 89,500
Tender Loaded Weight (lbs / kg)
Total Engine and Tender Weight (lbs / kg)
Tender Water Capacity (gals / ML)4382 / 16.60
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal) (gals/tons / Liters/MT) 7.70 / 7
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) (lb/yd / kg/m)67 / 33.50
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter (in / mm)86.60 / 2200
Boiler Pressure (psi / kPa)203.10 / 1380
High Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)20.67" x 24.8" / 525x630 (1)
Low Pressure Cylinders (dia x stroke) (in / mm)20.67" x 24.8" / 525x630
Tractive Effort (lbs / kg)15,842 / 7185.82
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 5.09
Heating Ability
Tubes (number - dia) (in / mm)345 - 1.772" / 45
Flues (number - dia) (in / mm)
Flue/Tube length (ft / m)16.40 / 5
Firebox Area (sq ft / m2)164.04 / 15.24
Grate Area (sq ft / m2)45.21 / 4.20
Evaporative Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)2796 / 259.76
Superheating Surface (sq ft / m2)
Combined Heating Surface (sq ft / m2)2796 / 259.76
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume580.58
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation9182
Same as above plus superheater percentage9182
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area33,317
Power L111,006
Power MT601.42

All material Copyright © SteamLocomotive.com
Wes Barris